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. 2022 Nov 16;12(11):1025.
doi: 10.3390/bios12111025.

Comparative Colorimetric Sensor Based on Bi-Phase γ-/α-Fe2O3 and γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO Nanoparticles for Lactate Detection

Ricardo A Escalona-Villalpando  1 , Karen Viveros-Palma  1 , Fabiola I Espinosa-Lagunes  2 , José A Rodríguez-Morales  1 , Luis G Arriaga  2 , Florika C Macazo  3 , Shelley D Minteer  3 , Janet Ledesma-García  1
Affiliations

Comparative Colorimetric Sensor Based on Bi-Phase γ-/α-Fe2O3 and γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO Nanoparticles for Lactate Detection

Ricardo A Escalona-Villalpando et al. Biosensors (Basel). .

Abstract

This work reports on Fe2O3 and ZnO materials for lactate quantification. In the synthesis, the bi-phase γ-/α-Fe2O3 and γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) were obtained for their application in a lactate colorimetric sensor. The crystalline phases of the NPs were analyzed by XRD and XPS techniques. S/TEM images showed spheres with an 18 nm average and a needle length from 125 to 330 nm and 18 nm in diameter. The γ-/α-Fe2O3 and γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO were used to evaluate the catalytic activity of peroxidase with the substrate 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), obtaining a linear range of 50 to 1000 μM for both NPs, and a 4.3 μM and 9.4 μM limit of detection (LOD), respectively. Moreover, γ-/α-Fe2O3 and γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO/lactate oxidase with TMB assays in the presence of lactate showed a linear range of 50 to 1000 µM, and both NPs proved to be highly selective in the presence of interferents. Finally, a sample of human serum was also tested, and the results were compared with a commercial lactometer. The use of ZnO with Fe2O3 achieved a greater response toward lactate oxidation reaction, and has implementation in a lactate colorimetric sensor using materials that are economically accessible and easy to synthesize.

Keywords: bi-phase γ-/α-Fe2O3; bi-phase γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO; lactate colorimetric sensor; lactate oxidation; peroxidase-like activity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Reaction between TMB with γ-/α-Fe2O3 or γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO in the presence of H2O2 (left) and H2O2 generated from lactate oxidation by LOx (right).
Figure 1
Figure 1
XRD patterns of the γ-/α-Fe2O3 (down) and γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO (up) nanoparticles.
Figure 2
Figure 2
XPS spectra and corresponding fitting curves of (A) γ-/α-Fe2O3 and (B) γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO.
Figure 3
Figure 3
S/TEM and EDS mapping images of (A) γ-/α-Fe2O3 and (B) γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO nanoparticles.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Steady-state kinetic assays of the (A) γ-/α-Fe2O3 and (B) γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO. TMB concentration was maintained in 500 μM and H2O2 concentration was varied. Insets are the linearity of steady-state curves.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Lactate concentration–response curve using (A) LOx/TMB/γ-/α-Fe2O3 and (B) LOx/TMB/γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO system. Insets are the linear calibration of lactate response. Top color changes from lower to higher lactate concentrations.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Selectivity of LOx/γ-/α-Fe2O3 and LOx/γ-/α-Fe2O3/ZnO NPs in the presence of lactate and interferents at 655 nm (pH 7.4).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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