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. 2024 Aug;55(4):1044-1062.
doi: 10.1007/s10578-022-01469-7. Epub 2022 Nov 24.

School Refusal in Youth: A Systematic Review of Ecological Factors

Karissa Leduc  1   2 , Anne-Marie Tougas  3   4   5 , Virginie Robert  6 , Camille Boulanger  4
Affiliations

School Refusal in Youth: A Systematic Review of Ecological Factors

Karissa Leduc et al. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2024 Aug.

Abstract

To guide school practitioners in the identification and intervention of youth with anxious school refusal, this systematic review used an ecological lens to examine the factors that differentiated children and adolescents with school refusal from those without. Based on the rigorous protocol from the Center for Reviews and Dissemination's (CRD) internationally recognized guidelines, 15 studies examining 67 different factors were identified. Results reveal 44 individual, social and contextual factors that differentiate youth with school refusal from peers without school refusal. Findings highlight the centrality of anxiety, or anxiety-related symptoms, and diverse learning needs as main points of contrast between youth with school refusal and those without. Implications of an ecological understanding of the factors associated with school refusal for selective and indicative prevention by school and mental health practitioners are discussed.

Keywords: Ecological model; School practitioners; School refusal; Systematic review.

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Selection process flowchart
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