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Review
. 2022 Nov 8;14(22):5480.
doi: 10.3390/cancers14225480.

A GNAS Gene Mutation's Independent Expression in the Growth of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hafeez Abiola Afolabi  1 , Salzihan Md Salleh  2   3 , Zaidi Zakaria  1 , Ewe Seng Ch'ng  4 , Siti Norasikin Mohd Nafi  3 , Ahmad Aizat Bin Abdul Aziz  5 , Ahmad Adebayo Irekeola  6 , Yusuf Wada  6 , Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna  7
Affiliations
Review

A GNAS Gene Mutation's Independent Expression in the Growth of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hafeez Abiola Afolabi et al. Cancers (Basel). .

Abstract

Globally, colorectal carcinoma CRC is the third most common cancer and the third most common reason for cancer-associated mortality in both genders. The GNAS mutations are significantly linked with poor prognosis and failed treatment outcomes in CRC. A systematic review and meta-analysis of multiple studies executed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) criteria and registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42021256452). The initial search includes a total of 271 publications; however, only 30 studies that merit the eligibility criteria were eventually chosen. Data analysis via OpenMeta Analyst and comprehensive meta-analysis 3.0 (CMA 3.0) software were used to investigate the prevalence of GNAS gene mutation among CRC patients. The meta-analysis consisted of 10,689 participants with most being males 6068/10,689 (56.8%). Overall, prevalence of GNAS mutations was 4.8% (95% CI: 3.1−7.3) with I2 = 94.39% and (p < 0.001). In 11/30 studies, the frequency of GNAS gene mutations was majorly in codons R201C [40.7% (95% CI: 29.2−53.2%)] and in codon R201H [39.7% (95% CI = 27.1−53.8)]. Overall prevalence of GNAS mutations was highest among the male gender: 53.9% (95% CI: 48.2−59.5%: I2 = 94.00%, (p < 0.001), tumour location (colon): 50.5% (95% CI: 33.2−67.6%: I2 = 97.93%, (p < 0.001), tumour grade (Well): 57.5% (95% CI: 32.4−79.2%: I2 = 98.10%, (p < 0.001) and tumour late stage: 67.9% (95% CI: 49.7−84.3%: I2 = 98.%, (p < 0.001). When stratified according to study location, a higher prevalence was observed in Japan (26.8%) while Italy has the lowest (0.4%). Overall prevalence of GNAS gene mutations was 4.8% with codons R201C and R201H being the most mutated, and the results conformed with numerous published studies on GNAS mutation.

Keywords: CRC; GNAS gene mutations; colon cancer; colorectal cancer.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Summary of article identification and selection process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Forest plot for the prevalence of GNAS mutation in CRC patients [1,6,12,14,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Forest plot for GNAS codon R201C in CRC patients [1,6,14,22,24,33,36,37,38,39,43].
Figure 4
Figure 4
Forest plot for GNAS codon R201H in CRC patients [1,6,14,22,24,33,36,37,38,39,42].
Figure 5
Figure 5
GNAS Funnel Plot Funnel plot showing no significant publication bias (Egger’s p = 0.12281).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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