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. 2022 Nov 14;27(22):7850.
doi: 10.3390/molecules27227850.

Enhanced Performance of Camphorsulfonic Acid-Doped Perovskite Solar Cells

Adam Wincukiewicz  1 , Ewelina Wierzyńska  2 , Aliaksei Bohdan  1 , Mateusz Tokarczyk  1 , Krzysztof P Korona  1 , Magdalena Skompska  2 , Maria Kamińska  1
Affiliations

Enhanced Performance of Camphorsulfonic Acid-Doped Perovskite Solar Cells

Adam Wincukiewicz et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

High-quality perovskite film with large grains and therefore reduced grain boundaries plays a significant role in improving the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and ensuring good long-term stability of the perovskite solar cells. In this work, we found that adding camphorsulfonic acid (CSA), a Lewis base, to the perovskite solution results in the crystallization of larger perovskite grains. By varying the concentration of CSA, we found that the optimal concentration of the additive is 1 mg/mL, which leads to an 20% increase in PCE of the cells compared to the reference CSA-free cell. Interestingly, we observed that the PCE of cells with an excess of CSA was initially poor, but may increase significantly over time, possibly due to CSA migration to the hole-transporting layer, leading to an improvement in its conductivity.

Keywords: perovskite; perovskite solar cells; photovoltaics.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure A1
Figure A1
Deconvolution of the XRD peak composed of (110) and (002) reflexes into Gauss curves. Gauss 1—(110) reflex, Gauss 2—(002) reflex.
Figure A2
Figure A2
Photovoltaic parameters of the solar cells.
Figure A3
Figure A3
Evolution of series and shunt resistances over time.
Figure 1
Figure 1
XRD patterns (Cu K-alpha radiation) of MAPI with different amounts of CSA (a–f), reference derived from JCPDS No. 01-084-7607 (g). Dashed line represents a sample diffraction pattern, in which contribution increases with CSA content. (h) CSA molecule.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Peak intensity of (310) vs. (110) as a function of CSA content within MAPI precursors.
Figure 3
Figure 3
SEM images of MAPI: CSA samples. Areas with CSA crystallites are marked with red squares.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Perovskite grain sizes as a function of CSA content. The red dots are experimental data, and the solid line is a guide for the eye.
Figure 5
Figure 5
SEM image cross-section of perovskite solar cell.
Figure 6
Figure 6
J-V characteristics of the perovskite solar cells with different CSA content.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The normalized PCE vs. CSA content within perovskite precursors. Error bars represent a standard deviation. The red dots are experimental data, and the solid line is a guide for the eye.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Normalized current density (Jsc) vs. CSA content.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Normalized series resistance (Rs) vs. CSA content.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Aging of perovskite solar cells: efficiency (A) and short-circuit current (B).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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