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. 2022 Nov 10:10:1014517.
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1014517. eCollection 2022.

Exposure to environmental occupational constraints and all-cause mortality: Results for men and women from a 20-year follow-up prospective cohort, the VISAT study. Be aware of shift-night workers!

Yolande Esquirol  1   2 , Samantha Huo Yung Kai  3 , Camille Carles  4 , Jean-Claude Marquié  5 , Audrey Fernandez  6 , Vanina Bongard  7 , Jean Ferrières  8
Affiliations

Exposure to environmental occupational constraints and all-cause mortality: Results for men and women from a 20-year follow-up prospective cohort, the VISAT study. Be aware of shift-night workers!

Yolande Esquirol et al. Front Public Health. .

Abstract

Objective: To determine the predictive value of the large panel of occupational constraints (OC) on all-cause mortality with a 20-year follow-up, in general population of workers.

Methods: In VISAT prospective cohort study, 3,138 workers (1,605 men; 1,533 women) were recruited during the periodic work health visits conducted by occupational physicians. OC (physical, organizational, psychological and employment categories) were collected through self-questionnaires. Exposure durations of each OC were divided by tertile distribution. Cox-regression models were performed to analyze the associations between all-cause mortality and each OC first separately and simultaneously in a single model.

Results: The mortality rates were higher among exposed participants to most of OC compared to those unexposed. Being exposed and longer exposure increased the risks of all-cause mortality for exposures to carrying heavy loads, loud noise, working more than 48 h/week, starting its first job before 18 years old although these risks became non-significant after adjustments for cardiovascular risk factors. Shift work and night work confirmed a high risk of mortality whatever the adjustments and notably when the other occupational exposures were taking into account, with, respectively: HR: 1.38 (1.01-1.91) and 1.44 (1.06-1.95). After adjustments being exposed more than 13 years to a work requiring getting-up before 5:00 a.m. and more than 16 years in rotating shift work significantly increased the risk of mortality by one and a half.

Conclusion: The links between each OC and all-cause mortality and the role of individual factors were stressed. For night-shift workers, it is urgent to implement preventive strategies at the workplace.

Keywords: mortality; occupational exposed workers; occupational physical activity; organizational factors; psychological factor; shift work; work environment.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Kaplan-Meier survival curves for all-cause mortality according to exposure duration of occupational physical constraints. (A) Kaplan–Meier survival curves according to exposure duration to carrying heavy loads or similar intense physical activity at work. (B) Kaplan–Meier survival curves according to exposure duration to intense noise at work.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Kaplan-Meier survival curves for all-cause mortality according to exposure duration of occupational organizational constraints. (A) Kaplan–Meier survival curves according to exposure duration to shift work. (B) Kaplan–Meier survival curves according to exposure duration of working after midnight. (C) Kaplan–Meier survival curves according to exposure duration of working before 5:00 a.m. (D) Kaplan–Meier survival curves according to exposure duration of working at night. (E) Kaplan–Meier survival curves according to working hour schedule. (F) Kaplan–Meier survival curves according to exposure duration of working >48 h/week.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Kaplan–Meier survival curves according to age at first job.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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