Self-compassion Intervention for Parents of Children with Developmental Disabilities: A Feasibility Study

Abstract

Objectives: Parents of children with developmental disabilities (DDs) experience greater psychological distress (e.g., stress and depression) compared to parents of children without DDs. Self-compassion (i.e., responding with compassion to oneself during times of stress and difficulty) is associated with greater self-care as well as lower levels of stress, depression, and internalized stigma among parents of children with DDs. In this study, we tested the feasibility of a 4-week brief, asynchronous, online intervention targeting self-compassion among parents of children with DDs.

Methods: Participants were fifty parents (48 mothers; 2 fathers) of children with DDs. Participants' ages ranged from 25 to 62 years (M = 42.1 years, SD = 7.9 years), and 88% of participants had one child with a DD, and the remaining parents had two or more children with DDs. Child diagnoses included Down syndrome, autism spectrum disorder, and intellectual disability. Feasibility was assessed in five domains (i.e., acceptability, demand, implementation, practicability, and limited efficacy) using a combination of self-report measures, qualitative feedback, and data on attrition.

Results: Most parents (84%) completed ≥ 3 modules, and 74% completed all four modules. Almost all parents (> 90%) reported that they would recommend the intervention to others. Paired-samples t-tests demonstrated significant pre-intervention to post-intervention increases in self-compassion and well-being, and significant reductions in parent depression and stress.

Conclusions: Overall, data support feasibility of the 4-week intervention targeting parent self-compassion and provide preliminary efficacy data that need to be followed up in a larger randomized control trial.

Keywords: Caregiving; Developmental disabilities; Online interventions; Parenting; Self-compassion.