Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2023:2595:1-12.
doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2823-2_1.

miRNA Biogenesis and Regulation of Diseases: An Updated Overview

Anchal Vishnoi  1 , Sweta Rani  2
Affiliations
Review

miRNA Biogenesis and Regulation of Diseases: An Updated Overview

Anchal Vishnoi et al. Methods Mol Biol. 2023.

Abstract

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules, with their role in gene silencing and translational repression by binding to the target mRNAs. Since it was discovered in 1993, miRNA is found in all eukaryotic cells conserved across the species. miRNA-size molecules are also known to be found in prokaryotes. Regulation of miRNAs is extensively studied for their role in biological processes as well as in development and progression of various human diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. miRNA-based therapy has a promising application, and with a good delivery system, miRNA therapeutics can potentially be a success. miRNAs and EVs have potential therapeutic and prognostic application in a range of disease models. This chapter summarizes miRNA biogenesis and explores their potential roles in a variety of diseases. miRNAs hold huge potential for diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and as predictors of drug response.

Keywords: Cancer; Cardiovascular disease; Extracellular vesicle; Neurodegenerative diseases; miRNA.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Lee RC, Feinbaum RL, Ambros V (1993) The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14. Cell 75(5):843–854. https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(93)90529-y - DOI
    1. Felekkis K, Touvana E, Stefanou C, Deltas C (2010) microRNAs: a newly described class of encoded molecules that play a role in health and disease. Hippokratia 14(4):236–240
    1. Friedländer MR, Lizano E, Houben AJ, Bezdan D, Báñez-Coronel M, Kudla G, Mateu-Huertas E, Kagerbauer B, González J, Chen KC, LeProust EM, Martí E, Estivill X (2014) Evidence for the biogenesis of more than 1,000 novel human microRNAs. Genome Biol 15(4):R57. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2014-15-4-r57 - DOI
    1. Kozomara A, Griffiths-Jones S (2011) miRBase: integrating microRNA annotation and deep-sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Res 39(Database issue):D152–D157. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkq1027 - DOI
    1. Bentwich I, Avniel A, Karov Y, Aharonov R, Gilad S, Barad O, Barzilai A, Einat P, Einav U, Meiri E, Sharon E, Spector Y, Bentwich Z (2005) Identification of hundreds of conserved and nonconserved human microRNAs. Nat Genet 37(7):766–770. https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1590 - DOI

LinkOut - more resources