High-Dose Therapy in Treatment-Refractory Psychosis: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Objective: To examine the impact of antipsychotic dose adjustments (mainly reduction) on the efficacy and tolerability of antipsychotic medications (APMs) to facilitate hospital discharge in long-term hospitalized forensic patients with treatment-refractory psychosis.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of the medical charts of 22 patients with psychosis who were discharged from January 2020 to August 2020 from a long-term state psychiatric facility after restoration of their competency to stand trial. Due to the lack of specific guidelines, the high-dose therapy was defined as a dose ≥ 50% above the average package insert dose. The primary outcome was discharge time after the antipsychotic dosing adjustments.

Results: Sixty-eight percent of subjects, who were hospitalized for a mean ± SD total of 11.6 ± 5.3 months, were discharged after 2.3 ± 0.78 months of 44.4% antipsychotic dose reduction. Two patients, who were hospitalized for 14.5 ± 6.7 months, were discharged after 4 months of optimizing their subtherapeutic doses. Five patients, who were already receiving effective dosages, were discharged after a total hospital duration of 6.8 ± 2.17 months.

Conclusions: The results from this study extend the finding of beneficial effects of antipsychotic dose reduction from prior reports to the forensic population.