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. 2022 Dec;39(12):1608-1615.
doi: 10.1111/echo.15498. Epub 2022 Nov 29.

The outcome of peripartum cardiomyopathy patients-single center experience

Emre Demir  1 , Naim Ceylan  2 , Selen Bayraktaroğlu  2 , Akın Çinkooğlu  2 , Aytaç Candemir  1 , Yeşim B Candemir  1 , Mustafa Talha Güneş  1 , Şevket Yeniyol  3 , Elfin B Yılmaz  3 , Mehdi Zoghi  1 , Azem Akıllı  1 , Cemil Gürgün  1 , Sanem Nalbantgil  1
Affiliations

The outcome of peripartum cardiomyopathy patients-single center experience

Emre Demir et al. Echocardiography. 2022 Dec.

Abstract

Objective: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) diagnosis made by excluding identifiable causes of heart failure (HF) and occurs end of the pregnancy or during the postpartum period of five months. It presents a clinical HF spectrum with left ventricular systolic dysfunction.

Background: The purpose of this study is to retrospectively evaluate the clinical characteristics, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging features, and end-points consisting of left ventricle recovery, left ventricular assist device implantation, heart transplantation, and all-cause mortality.

Method: Outpatient HF records between 2008 to 2021 were screened. Thirty-seven patients were defined as PPCM. Twenty-five patients had CMR evaluation at the time of diagnosis, and six patients were re-evaluated with CMR.

Results: The mean age was 30.5 ± 5.6 years, and the mean LVEF was 28.2% ± 6.7%. In 13(35.7%) patients, LVEF recovered during the follow-up course. The median recovery time was 281(IQR [78-358]) days. LVEF on CMR was 35.3 ± 10.5, and three patients exhibited late gadolinium enhancement(LGE) patterns. Sub-endocardial and mid-wall uptake pattern types were detected. 18(75%) patients met the Petersen left ventricle non-compaction cardiomyopathy(LVNC) criteria. Patients with NC/C ratio lower than 2.3 had lower LVEDVi and LVESVi (124.9 ± 35.4, 86.4 ± 7.5, p = .003; 86.8 ± 34.6, 52.6 ± 7.6, p = .006), respectively. The median follow-up time was 2129 (IQR [911-2634]) days. The primary endpoint-free 1-year survival was 88.9% (event rate 11.1%), and 5-year survival was 75.7% (event rate 24.3%).

Conclusion: In a retrospective cohort of PPCM patients, 35.7% of patients' LVEF recovered, and the primary end-point of free-5-year survival was 75%. Twenty-five patients were assessed with CMR; three of four met the Petersen CMR-derived LVNC at initial evaluation.

Keywords: cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; non-compaction cardiomyopathy; peripartum cardiomyopathy.

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References

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