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. 2022 Nov 30;12(1):20618.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-24032-9.

Identification of three new 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' haplotypes in four psyllid species (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)

Kylie D Swisher Grimm  1 , David R Horton  2 , Tamera M Lewis  2 , Stephen F Garczynski  2 , Andrew S Jensen  3 , Brian A Charlton  4
Affiliations

Identification of three new 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' haplotypes in four psyllid species (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)

Kylie D Swisher Grimm et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Eleven haplotypes of the bacterium, 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum', have been identified worldwide, several of which infect important agricultural crops. In the United States, haplotypes A and B are associated with yield and quality losses in potato, tomato, and other crops of the Solanaceae. Both haplotypes are vectored by potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli. Recently, a third haplotype, designated F, was identified in southern Oregon potato fields. To identify the vector of this haplotype, psyllids of multiple species were collected from yellow sticky cards placed near potato fields during two growing seasons. Over 2700 specimens were tested for 'Ca. L. solanacearum' by polymerase chain reaction. Forty-seven psyllids harbored the bacterium. The infected specimens comprised four psyllid species in two families, Aphalaridae and Triozidae (Hemiptera: Psylloidea). Nucleic acid and/or amino acid sequence analysis of the 'Ca. L. solanacearum' 16S ribosomal RNA, 50S ribosomal proteins L10/L12, and outer membrane protein identified three new haplotypes of the bacterium, designated as Aph1, Aph2 and Aph3, including two variants of Aph2 (Aph2a and Aph2b). The impact of these new haplotypes on solanaceous or other crops is not known. The vector of 'Ca. L. solanacearum' haplotype F was not detected in this study.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Unrooted phylogenetic tree constructed using a 1,023-basepair region of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene from Ca. Liberibacter species. Abbreviations used were Ca. Lso (Ca. L. solanacearum) Ca. Laf (Ca. L. africanus), Ca. Lam (Ca. L. americanus), Ca. Las (Ca. L. asiaticus), Ca. Lbr (Ca. L. brunswickensis), Ca. Lct (Ca. L. ctenarytaina), and Ca. Leu (Ca. L. europaeus). GenBank accession numbers are indicated in parentheses and specimens identified in this study are indicated in bold font. Bar length represents substitutions per site.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Unrooted phylogenetic tree constructed using a 626-basepair region of the 50S ribosomal proteins L10 and L12 genes from Ca. Liberibacter species. Abbreviations used were Ca. Lso (Ca. L. solanacearum) Ca. Laf (Ca. L. africanus), Ca. Lam (Ca. L. americanus), and Ca. Las (Ca. L. asiaticus). GenBank accession numbers are indicated in parentheses and specimens identified in this study are indicated in bold font. Bar length represents substitutions per site.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Unrooted phylogenetic tree constructed using a 586-basepair region of the outer membrane protein gene from Ca. Liberibacter species. Abbreviations used were Ca. Lso (Ca. L. solanacearum) and Ca. Las (Ca. L. asiaticus). GenBank accession numbers are indicated in parentheses and specimens identified in this study are indicated in bold font. Bar length represents substitutions per site.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Unrooted phylogenetic tree constructed using a region of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I gene ranging from 441- to 709-basepairs from Aphalara species, Craspedolepta species, Heterotrioza chenopodii, Bactericera cockerelli, the unknown specimens used in this study, and the specimens identified in the taxonomic study from collections made in the Pacific Northwest U.S. GenBank accession numbers are indicated in parentheses and ‘Ca. L. solanacearum’-infected specimens from Klamath Basin are indicated in bold font. Bar length represents substitutions per site.
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References

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