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Review
. 2022 Nov 14:12:1026257.
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1026257. eCollection 2022.

The role of noncoding RNAs in cancer lipid metabolism

Ye Wang  1   2   3 , Qian Li  1   2   3 , Song Wang  1   2   3 , Bi-Jun Wang  4 , Yan Jin  1   2   3 , Hao Hu  1   2   3 , Qing-Sheng Fu  1   2   3 , Jia-Wei Wang  1   2   3 , Qing Wu  1   2   3 , Long Qian  1   2   3 , Ting-Ting Cao  1   2   3 , Ya-Bin Xia  1   2   3 , Xiao-Xu Huang  1   2   3 , Li Xu  1   2   3
Affiliations
Review

The role of noncoding RNAs in cancer lipid metabolism

Ye Wang et al. Front Oncol. .

Abstract

Research on noncoding ribonucleic acids (ncRNAs) is mostly and broadly focused on microRNAs (miRNAs), cyclic RNAs (circRNAs), and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), which have been confirmed to play important roles in tumor cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Specifically, recent studies have shown that ncRNAs contribute to tumorigenesis and tumor development by mediating changes in enzymes related to lipid metabolism. The purpose of this review is to discuss the characterized ncRNAs involved in the lipid metabolism of tumors to highlight ncRNA-mediated lipid metabolism-related enzyme expression in malignant tumors and its importance to tumor development. In this review, we describe the types of ncRNA and the mechanism of tumor lipid metabolism and analyze the important role of ncRNA in tumor lipid metabolism and its future prospects from the perspectives of ncRNA biological function and lipid metabolic enzyme classification. However, several critical issues still need to be resolved. Because ncRNAs can affect tumor processes by regulating lipid metabolism enzymes, in the future, we can study the unique role of ncRNAs from four aspects: disease prevention, detection, diagnosis, and treatment. Therefore, in the future, the development of ncRNA-targeted therapy will become a hot direction and shoulder a major task in the medical field.

Keywords: diagnosis; lipid metabolism; noncoding RNA; treatment; tumor.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Types of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Acetyl-CoA production in the cytoplasm comes from three pathways.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Fatty acids and cholesterol synthesis.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Lipids obtained by decomposition.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(A) CircWHSC1 acts as a competitive endogenous RNA by sponging miR-195-5p, and miR-195-5p directly targets FASN mRNA. miR-195-5p overexpression inhibits FASN expression and activates its downstream AMPK pathway; (B) lncRNA HULC forms a positive feedback loop to promote adipogenesis and enhance tumor proliferation through the HULC/miR-9/PPARA/ACSL1/cholesterol/RXRA/HULC pathway.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(A) miRNA-195 inhibits pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and invasion by regulating the FASN/Wnt signaling pathway; (B) miRNA induces the cleavage and degradation of target mRNA through base pairing with the 3′ untranslated region (3′ UTR) of mRNA. The result is that the protein expression products of target mRNA and the malignant behavior of tumors are inhibited.
Figure 7
Figure 7
As molecular decoys for RNA binding proteins (RBPs).
Figure 8
Figure 8
Noncoding RNAs regulate the expression of lipid metabolism enzymes.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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