Efficacy and Safety of Diethylcarbamazine in Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis: A Double Blind Randomised Controlled Trial

Abstract

There are many evidences showing diethylcarbamazine as a potential drug for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. This study evaluated the effectiveness of diethylcarbamazine in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and compared it with montelukast and levocetirizine. This parallel double-blind randomized clinical trial was done in allergic rhinitis patients. Seven hundred and twelve participants who met the inclusion criteria and provided informed written consent were randomized and divided into 2 equal groups. Diethylcarbamazine 300 mg/day orally in divided doses was given to group A, and montelukast 10 mg and levocetirizine 5 mg/day orally at night for 21 days was given to group B. Primary outcomes were the change in symptoms, absolute eosinophil count, serum total IgE, phadiatop and response in skin prick from baseline to 21 days and 3 months after treatment. Secondary outcome was to compare it with montelukast and levocetirizine. The mean (SD) age of the patients was 33 (10.6) years, with 374 (52.5%) males and 338 (47.5%) females. There was statistically significant improvement in all the parameters in both groups. Improvement was better with diethylcarbamazine compared to montelukast and levocetirizine and the effects were sustained for 3 months in diethylcarbamazine group. The findings suggest that diethylcarbamazine is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. It gives better control and is cost-effective than montelukast and levocetirizine. Trial Registration: https://www.ctri.nic.in Identifier: CTRI/2020/03/024145 registered on 20-03-2020.

Keywords: Allergens; Allergic rhinitis; Inhalation allergen challenge; Skin prick test; Therapeutics.

Fig. 1

CONSORT flow diagram. Consolidated standards of reporting trials showing the number of participants initially assessed, enrolled and followed up for 21 days and 3 months