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. 2022 Nov 23;8(11):e11806.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11806. eCollection 2022 Nov.

Impact of elevated first and second trimester white blood cells on prevalence of late-onset preeclampsia

Kui Wu  1 , Wei Gong  1 , Hui-Hui Ke  1 , Hua Hu  1 , Li Chen  1
Affiliations

Impact of elevated first and second trimester white blood cells on prevalence of late-onset preeclampsia

Kui Wu et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

Objective: Increased white blood cell count (WBC) is known to be associated with preeclampsia (PE). This study aimed to determine whether WBC count >10×109/L had significant impact on late-onset PE (LOPE) during the first and second trimesters.

Methods: This prospective study was conducted in 600 pregnant women from Shanghai Pudong Hospital in China from July 2019 to August 2020. They were classified into four groups: Group 1: WBC count ≤10×109/L at 10th-12th week and 24th-26th week; Group 2, WBC count ≤10×109/L at 10th-12th week but WBC count >10×109/L at 24th-26th week; Group 3, WBC count >10×109/L at 10th-12th week but WBC count≤10×109/L at 24th-26th week; Group 4, WBC count >10×109/L at 10th-12th week and 24th-26th week. Complete blood count results from 10th-12th week and 24th-26th week were obtained for each patient. Maternal laboratory values including white blood cell (WBC) count were compared between the four groups.

Results: 34 women were diagnosed with LOPE at predelivery. The estimated incidence rate of LOPE during pregnancy was 3.6% in Group 1, 5.8% in Group 2, 7.2% in Group 3, and 11% in Group 4 for the respective WBC level of Group 1, 2, 3 and 4. After adjusting for potential influencing factors of PE, the respective relative risks for LOPE was 1.0 (reference), 1.76 (95% CI 0.37, 8.30), 2.23 (0.85, 5.89), and 3.07 (1.34, 7.02) (P for trend = 0.048).

Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that WBC count >10×109/L during the first and second trimesters is a risk of LOPE.

Keywords: Inflammatory response; Late-onset preeclampsia; Neutrophil; Pregnant women; White blood cell count.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram illustrating the exclusion process in the study cohort. APS, Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (IVF-ET), In vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Prevalence of late-onset PE in relation to the duration and timing of white blood cell count >10×109/L. Comparison by Pearson's correlation between incidence of late-onset PE and white blood cell count groups; P = 0.027.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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