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Review
. 2023 Feb 27;43(2):BSR20221680.
doi: 10.1042/BSR20221680.

Spatial RNA sequencing methods show high resolution of single cell in cancer metastasis and the formation of tumor microenvironment

Yue Zheng  1 , Xiaofeng Yang  2
Affiliations
Review

Spatial RNA sequencing methods show high resolution of single cell in cancer metastasis and the formation of tumor microenvironment

Yue Zheng et al. Biosci Rep. .

Abstract

Cancer metastasis often leads to death and therapeutic resistance. This process involves the participation of a variety of cell components, especially cellular and intercellular communications in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Using genetic sequencing technology to comprehensively characterize the tumor and TME is therefore key to understanding metastasis and therapeutic resistance. The use of spatial transcriptome sequencing enables the localization of gene expressions and cell activities in tissue sections. By examining the localization change as well as gene expression of these cells, it is possible to characterize the progress of tumor metastasis and TME formation. With improvements of this technology, spatial transcriptome sequencing technology has been extended from local regions to whole tissues, and from single sequencing technology to multimodal analysis combined with a variety of datasets. This has enabled the detection of every single cell in tissue slides, with high resolution, to provide more accurate predictive information for tumor treatments. In this review, we summarize the results of recent studies dealing with new multimodal methods and spatial transcriptome sequencing methods in tumors to illustrate recent developments in the imaging resolution of micro-tissues.

Keywords: cancer metastasis; in situ RNA sequencing; multimodal analysis; single cell RNA sequencing; spatial transcriptomics; tumor microenvironments.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no competing interests associated with the manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. A diagram of the development of the main sequencing methods
The development of sequencing methods, from molecular hybridization to high-throughput RNA sequencing of a single cell, and the integration of multimodal datasets of spatial maps.
Figure 2
Figure 2. A diagram shows the differences between in situ and ST spatial RNA sequencing
The difference of in situ and ST spatial RNA sequencing (A).
Figure 3
Figure 3. A flow chart shows a sample explanation of seq-FISH and ST spatial RNA sequencing
The difference of in situ and ST spatial RNA sequencing (B).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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