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Observational Study
. 2023 Jan;33(1):279-283.
doi: 10.1007/s11695-022-06387-0. Epub 2022 Dec 3.

Sleep Quality Before and After Bariatric Surgery

Yentl Lodewijks  1 , Friso Schonck  2 , Simon Nienhuijs  2
Affiliations
Observational Study

Sleep Quality Before and After Bariatric Surgery

Yentl Lodewijks et al. Obes Surg. 2023 Jan.

Abstract

Purpose: Sleep deprivation is associated with growth hormone deficiency and an elevated cortisol level, both of which have been linked to obesity. However, assessing sleep quality is often not established in the multidisciplinary peribariatric evaluation program. This study aimed to determine sleep quality in patients who are seeking or underwent bariatric surgery by using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) measurements.

Materials and methods: In this observational study, patients who underwent or were seeking bariatric surgery between April and November 2021 were included. Self-reported patients' demographics, operative techniques, and sleep quality measured by PSQI were collected. Baseline characteristics were compared between the preoperative group (PRE), patients who underwent surgery < 1.5 years ago (EARLY), and > 1.5 years ago (LATE). A multivariate linear regression model was built.

Results: In total, 270 patients filled out the questionnaire of which 100 (37.1%) were preoperative, 87 (32.2%) early, and 83 (30.7%) late postoperative. The PSQI significantly improved in the EARLY group compared to PRE (4.8 vs 6.1). This effect disappeared in the LATE group (6.1) even though their body mass index was less. Linear regression revealed that age (p = 0.004) and body mass index (p = 0.003) predicted worse sleep quality.

Conclusion: Sleep quality improves early after bariatric surgery; however, this benefit does not seem to last in the long term. Other factors than weight regain should be considered for this finding, future studies with longer follow-up periods are recommended, including other variables associated with sleep quality such as health conditions and socioeconomic status.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Sleep monitoring; Sleep quality.

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