ZLC and JL receive research funding from AstraZeneca, paid directly to their institution, for an investigator-initiated study of the benefits of dapagliflozin in acute heart failure. ZLC receives research funding from Cumberland Pharmaceuticals, paid to his institution, for the study of inhaled milrinone in heart failure. JL receives consulting fees from AstraZeneca (for a study on the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in heart failure), Abbott (for steering committee duties studying haemodynamic monitoring in heart failure), Alleviant (for the study of inter-atrial shunts in heart failure), CVRx (for steering committee work for the study of baroreflex activation in heart failure), Edwards Lifesciences (for the study of devices for heart failure), Merck (for steering committee work for a clinical heart failure trial with Vericiguat), Medtronic (for a study of telemetry monitoring in heart failure), Boston Scientific (for a study of telemonitoring in heart failure), and VWave (for steering committee work for a clinical trial of interatrial shunts in heart failure)