Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Nov 17:9:1028694.
doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1028694. eCollection 2022.

Potential biomarkers of atopic dermatitis

Ling Yu  1   2   3 , Linfeng Li  1
Affiliations
Review

Potential biomarkers of atopic dermatitis

Ling Yu et al. Front Med (Lausanne). .

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, recurrent inflammatory skin disease with a wide range of heterogeneity. Accurate biomarkers or predictors are the keys to instructing personalized tailored precise treatment. The development of technology such as transcriptomics, genomics, and proteomics provides novel insights into the possibility to find potential biomarkers. Meanwhile, emerging minimally invasive methods such as tape stripping were used to reveal different profiles of patients' skin without biopsy. Several potential biomarkers or predictors have been found. In this review, we summarized the current development of potential biomarkers of AD. Nitric oxide synthase 2/inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS2/iNOS), human beta-defensin-2 (hBD-2), and matrix metalloproteinases 8/9 (MMP8/9) may be the candidate biomarkers for AD diagnosis. Filaggrin (FLG) gene mutation increased the occurrence risk of AD. Fatty-acid-binding protein 5 (FABP5) may serve as an effective biomarker for the atopic march (AM). Squamous cell carcinoma antigen 2 (SCCA2), serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), cutaneous T-cell-attracting chemokine (CTACK), eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and interleukin (IL)-18 can be the candidate biomarkers for disease severity monitoring. IL-17, IL-23, IL-33, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) can be used as predictive biomarkers for AD comorbidities. LDH, TARC, pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine (PARC), periostin, IL-22, eotaxin-1/3, and IL-8 may be the candidate biomarkers for monitoring treatment effects. There are still unmet needs and a long way to go for more convenient, non-invasive, and effective predictors and biomarkers to better guide personalized precise treatment.

Keywords: atopic dermatitis; biomarker; phenotype; precise treatment; predictor.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Summary of the potential biomarkers of atopic dermatitis with different samples (blood, tape strips of skin, and skin biopsy) from the patients.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Odhiambo JA, Williams HC, Clayton TO, Robertson CF, Asher MI. Global variations in prevalence of eczema symptoms in children from ISAAC phase three. J Allergy Clin Immunol. (2009) 124:1251–8.e23. 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.10.009 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Filanovsky MG, Pootongkam S, Tamburro JE, Smith MC, Ganocy SJ, Nedorost ST. The financial and emotional impact of atopic dermatitis on children and their families. J Pediatr. (2016) 169:284–90.e5. 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.10.077 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Langan SM, Irvine AD, Weidinger S. Atopic dermatitis. Lancet. (2020) 396:345–60. 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31286-1 - DOI - PubMed
    1. Garmhausen D, Hagemann T, Bieber T, Dimitriou I, Fimmers R, Diepgen T, et al. Characterization of different courses of atopic dermatitis in adolescent and adult patients. Allergy. (2013) 68:498–506. 10.1111/all.12112 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Saeki H, Furue M, Furukawa F, Hide M, Ohtsuki M, Katayama I, et al. Guidelines for management of atopic dermatitis. J Dermatol. (2009) 36:563–77. 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2009.00706.x - DOI - PubMed