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. 2023 Mar;35(2):116-123.
doi: 10.1177/10406387221141872. Epub 2022 Dec 7.

Spurious capillary zone electrophoresis pattern in hypercholesterolemic dogs

Giulia Mangiagalli  1 , Sara Meazzi  2 , Alessia Giordano  2 , Silvia Rossi  1
Affiliations

Spurious capillary zone electrophoresis pattern in hypercholesterolemic dogs

Giulia Mangiagalli et al. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2023 Mar.

Abstract

Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) is a relatively new serum protein electrophoresis method with higher resolution than other electrophoretic techniques. Hypercholesterolemic dogs exhibit a peculiar CZE pattern. Specifically, they have a shoulder or peak immediately next to the albumin peak. We investigated the prevalence of this spurious peak in hypercholesterolemic dogs and its correlation with the serum cholesterol concentration. Moreover, possible discrepancies between the CZE and spectrophotometric (bromocresol green [BCG] method) albumin concentrations in those animals were evaluated, as well as the accuracy in measuring albumin by a different CZE fractionation system. We retrospectively enrolled 500 hypercholesterolemic and normotriglyceridemic dogs. Each electrophoretic curve was inspected visually to identify a spurious peak (prevalence of 68.8%). We chose 120 dogs to further investigate the albumin concentration; CZE albumin was significantly higher than measured using the BCG method. A weak but significant correlation (r = 0.412; p <0.0001) was observed between the magnitude of the spurious peak and the serum cholesterol concentration. Finally, the significant difference between CZE and BCG albumin measurement disappeared (p = 0.92) when the spurious peak was considered as α1-globulins instead of albumin.

Keywords: albumin; canine; capillary zone electrophoresis; cholesterol; lipoproteins.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Examples of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) patterns in normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic dogs, with different spurious peak shapes. A. CZE of a normal canine serum sample without a spurious peak (cholesterol concentration: 4.39 mmol/L). B. Right shoulder within the albumin peak (cholesterol concentration: 9.82 mmol/L). C. Isolated peak on the right side of the albumin peak (cholesterol concentration: 9.26 mmol/L). D. Distinct isolated peak on the right side of the albumin peak (cholesterol concentration: 18.67 mmol/L).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Passing–Bablok regression analyses (left) and Bland–Altman difference plots (right) of albumin measurement with capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) compared to the bromocresol green (BCG) method in hypercholesterolemic dogs with a spurious CZE peak A. before and B. after the removal of the spurious albumin peak.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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