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. 2023 Apr;29(4):515-522.
doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.11.025. Epub 2022 Dec 5.

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium: admission prevalence, sequence types and risk factors-a cross-sectional study in seven German university hospitals from 2014 to 2018

Anna M Rohde  1 , Sarah Walker  2 , Michael Behnke  3 , Simone Eisenbeis  4 , Linda Falgenhauer  5 , Jane C Falgenhauer  6 , Georg Häcker  7 , Florian Hölzl  8 , Can Imirzalioglu  6 , Nadja Käding  9 , Winfried V Kern  10 , Axel Kola  3 , Evelyn Kramme  9 , Alexander Mischnik  9 , Silke Peter  11 , Siegbert Rieg  10 , Jan Rupp  9 , Christian Schneider  7 , Frank Schwab  3 , Harald Seifert  2 , Evelina Tacconelli  4 , David Tobys  2 , Janina Trauth  12 , Anna Weber  3 , Kyriaki Xanthopoulou  2 , Janine Zweigner  13 , Paul G Higgins  2 , Petra Gastmeier  3 ; DZIF R-NET Study Group
Collaborators, Affiliations
Free article

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium: admission prevalence, sequence types and risk factors-a cross-sectional study in seven German university hospitals from 2014 to 2018

Anna M Rohde et al. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2023 Apr.
Free article

Abstract

Objectives: Assessment of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) prevalence upon hospital admission and analysis of risk factors for colonization.

Methods: From 2014 to 2018, patients were recruited within 72 hours of admission to seven participating German university hospitals, screened for VREfm and questioned for potential risk factors (prior multidrug-resistant organism detection, current/prior antibiotic consumption, prior hospital, rehabilitation or long-term care facility stay, international travel, animal contact and proton pump inhibitor [PPI]/antacid therapy). Genotype analysis was done using cgMLST typing. Multivariable analysis was performed.

Results: In 5 years, 265 of 17,349 included patients were colonized with VREfm (a prevalence of 1.5%). Risk factors for VREfm colonization were age (adjusted OR [aOR], 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03), previous (aOR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.87-3.92) or current (aOR, 2.91; 95% CI, 2.60-3.24) antibiotic treatment, prior multidrug-resistant organism detection (aOR, 2.83; 95% CI, 2.21-3.63), prior stay in a long-term care facility (aOR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.62-2.97), prior stay in a hospital (aOR, 2.91; 95% CI, 2.05-4.13) and prior consumption of PPI/antacids (aOR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.18-1.41). Overall, the VREfm admission prevalence increased by 33% each year and 2% each year of life. 250 of 265 isolates were genotyped and 141 (53.2%) of the VREfm were the emerging ST117. Multivariable analysis showed that ST117 and non-ST117 VREfm colonized patients differed with respect to admission year and prior multidrug-resistant organism detection.

Discussion: Age, healthcare contacts and antibiotic and PPI/antacid consumption increase the individual risk of VREfm colonization. The VREfm admission prevalence increase in Germany is mainly driven by the emergence of ST117.

Keywords: Admission prevalence; Colonization; Risk factors; ST117; VREfm.

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