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. 2022 Nov 25;19(23):15713.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph192315713.

Gender Differences in Anxiety, Attitudes, and Fear among Nursing Undergraduates Coping with CPR Training with PPE Kit for COVID

Clara Maestre-Miquel  1 , Francisco Martín-Rodríguez  2   3   4 , Carlos Durantez-Fernández  5   6 , José L Martín-Conty  1   6 , Antonio Viñuela  1   6 , Begoña Polonio-López  1   6 , Carmen Romo-Barrientos  7 , Juan José Criado-Álvarez  7   8   9 , Francisca Torres-Falguera  1   6 , Rosa Conty-Serrano  10 , Cristina Jorge-Soto  11 , Alicia Mohedano-Moriano  1   6
Affiliations

Gender Differences in Anxiety, Attitudes, and Fear among Nursing Undergraduates Coping with CPR Training with PPE Kit for COVID

Clara Maestre-Miquel et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the attitudes, fears, and anxiety level of nursing students faced with a critical clinical simulation (cardiopulmonary reanimation) with and without personal protective equipment (PPE).

Methods: A pilot before-after study as conducted from 21 to 25 June 2021, with 24 students registered in the nursing degree of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Castilla-La Mancha University (UCLM) in the city of Talavera de la Reina (Toledo, Spain). From 520 possible participants, only 24 were selected according to the exclusion and inclusion criteria. The STAI Manual for the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, a self-evaluation questionnaire, was used to study trait STAI (basal anxiety), trait STAI before CPR, state STAI after CPR, total STAI before CPR, and total STAI after CPR as the main variables. A t-test was used to study the STAI variables according to sex and the physiological values related to the anxiety level of participants. An ANOVA statistical test was used to perform a data analysis of the STAI variables.

Results: A total of 54.2% of participants (IC 95% 35.1-72.1) suffered from global anxiety before the cardiopulmonary reanimation maneuvers (CPR). The results of the STAI before CPR maneuvers showed significant differences according to gender in state anxiety (p = 0.04), with a higher level of anxiety in women (22.38 ± 7.69 vs. 15.82 ± 7.18).

Conclusions: This study demonstrates different levels of anxiety in terms of gender suffered by nursing students in high-pressure environments, such as a CPR situation.

Keywords: anxiety; personal protective equipment; simulation training.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of the selection of participants for this study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Prevalence of students’ thoughts and feelings (with IC 95%) regarding to the cardiopulmonary reanimation.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Comparison among self-perceived feelings pre- and post-CPR (IC 95%). * Statistically significant differences (p < 0.01 before vs. after) are shown.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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