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Observational Study
. 2022 Nov 30;19(23):16028.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph192316028.

Recovery following Orthognathic Surgery Procedures-A Pilot Study

Cristian Dinu  1 , Avram Manea  1 , Denisa Tomoiagă  1 , Mihaela Băciuț  1 , Oana Almășan  2 , Andrei Otto Mitre  1 , Ioan Barbur  1 , Mihaela Hedeșiu  1 , Gabriel Armencea  1 , Horia Opriș  1 , Sebastian Stoia  1 , Tiberiu Tamaș  1 , Grigore Băciuț  1 , Florin Onișor  1 , Simion Bran  1
Affiliations
Observational Study

Recovery following Orthognathic Surgery Procedures-A Pilot Study

Cristian Dinu et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

This study aims at evaluating and categorizing patients’ objective and subjective postoperative recovery symptoms after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery assigning the healing process. The patients were monitored throughout the recovery process, and their symptoms were managed. A prospective, observational study was performed. Patients with Class II and III malocclusion (aged 18 to 35) were evaluated and monitored preoperatively, and postoperatively at 48 h, 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months postsurgery. A questionnaire was used to assess pain and anesthesia/hypoesthesia. The most common objective and subjective signs that were correlated with the healing process were edema, hematoma, trismus, pain, and anesthesia/hypoesthesia. Edema peaked at 48−72 h postoperatively (distance between eye’s external canthus and gonion, mean difference = 4.53, between tragus and cheilion, mean difference = 7, between tragus and gnathion, mean difference = 4.65, p < 0.001); mouth opening amplitude was significantly decreased during the first two weeks postsurgery (class II, mean difference = 32.42, p = 0.006, class III, mean difference = 44.57, p < 0.001), but it steadily and considerably improved over three months. The nose tended to widen postsurgery. The most severe pain experienced by patients was of medium intensity in the mandibular body, described as pressure, and usually did not spread. Patients were most severely and persistently impacted by anesthesia/hypoesthesia.

Keywords: anesthesia; edema; hypoesthesia; orthognathic surgery; pain; recovery after surgery; trismus.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Edema measurement. Distance AB (between the eye’s external canthus and gonion), distance CD (between tragus and cheilion), and distance CE (between tragus and gnathion).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mouth opening measurement.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Nose width measurement.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Edema assessment, AB distance.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Edema assessment, CD distance.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Edema assessment, CE distance.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Mouth’s opening amplitude.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Nose width assessment.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Nose width assessment, insertions of the nasal fins.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Nose width assessment, right and left nostrils.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Pain intensity assessment.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Pain radiation.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Anesthesia, hypoesthesia assessment.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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