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. 2022 Nov 25;27(23):8232.
doi: 10.3390/molecules27238232.

Antioxidant Potential of Diosmin and Diosmetin against Oxidative Stress in Endothelial Cells

Magdalena Wójciak  1 , Marcin Feldo  2 , Grzegorz Borowski  2 , Tomasz Kubrak  3 , Bartosz J Płachno  4 , Ireneusz Sowa  1
Affiliations

Antioxidant Potential of Diosmin and Diosmetin against Oxidative Stress in Endothelial Cells

Magdalena Wójciak et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Phlebotropic flavonoids, including diosmin and its aglycone diosmetin, are natural polyphenols widely used in the prevention and treatment of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). As oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of pathophysiology of the cardiovascular system, the study aimed to investigate the protective effects of diosmin and diosmetin on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in endothelial cells. The cells were pretreated with different concentrations of the flavonoid prior to the H2O2 exposure. The cell viability, the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activity of cellular antioxidant enzymes-including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase GPx-and the malondialdehyde (MDA) level were assessed. It was found that the H2O2-induced oxidative stress was ameliorated by diosmin/diosmetin in a concentration-dependent manner. The flavonoids restored the activity of cellular antioxidant enzymes and lowered the MDA level upregulated by the H2O2 exposure. These results indicate that diosmin and diosmetin may prevent oxidative stress in endothelial cells; therefore, they may protect against the development and progression of oxidative-stress-related disorders.

Keywords: H2O2 stress; chronic venous insufficiency; diosmetin; diosmin; endothelial cells.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Cell viability determined by the MTT (a) and Alamar Blue (b) assays expressed as a percentage of the control (0.5% DMSO). Cells were treated with H2O2 or pretreated with diosmin/diosmetin at different concentrations prior to the H2O2 exposure. The data are means ± SD (n = 3). * indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) versus H2O2-treated cells assessed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison post hoc test; # indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the same concentrations of diosmin and diosmetin assessed using Student’s t-test.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Relative fluorescence intensity in endothelial cells calculated as a percentage in comparison with untreated control cells. (a)—the cells were treated with H2O2 or different concentrations of diosmin/diosmetin, * indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) versus untreated controls; (b)—the cells were pretreated with diosmin or diosmetin prior to the H2O2 exposure. The data are means ± SD (n = 3). * indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) versus the H2O2-treated cells. One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison post hoc test. # indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the same concentrations of diosmin and diosmetin assessed using Student’s t-test. AA—ascorbic acid. The red dashed line represents the control value that was considered as 100%.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effect of the diosmin/diosmetin pretreatment prior to the H2O2 exposure on the antioxidant enzyme activity calculated as a percentage in comparison with the untreated control. (a)—relative activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), (b)—relative activity of catalase (CAT) (c)—relative activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (d)—relative malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. The data are means ± SD (n = 3). * indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) versus the H2O2-treated cells. One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison post hoc test. # indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the same concentrations of diosmin and diosmetin assessed using Student’s t-test. AA—ascorbic acid. The red dashed line represents the control value that was considered as 100%.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effect of diosmin/diosmetin on the NO level calculated as a percentage in comparison with the untreated control (100%). The data are means ± SD (n = 3). * indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) versus the H2O2-treated cells assessed using one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison post hoc test. # indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the same concentrations of diosmin and diosmetin assessed using Student’s t-test. AA—ascorbic acid. The red dashed line represents the control value that was considered as 100%.
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