Drugs for COVID-19: An Update

doi:10.3390/molecules27238562

Review

. 2022 Dec 5;27(23):8562.

doi: 10.3390/molecules27238562.

Drugs for COVID-19: An Update

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Rende, Italy.
² Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
³ Unidad Mixta de Investigación UPV-IIS La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
⁴ Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
⁵ Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
⁶ Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy.

PMID: 36500655
PMCID: PMC9740261
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238562

Review

Drugs for COVID-19: An Update

Jessica Ceramella et al. Molecules. 2022.

. 2022 Dec 5;27(23):8562.

doi: 10.3390/molecules27238562.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Rende, Italy.
² Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
³ Unidad Mixta de Investigación UPV-IIS La Fe, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Avenida de Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain.
⁴ Department of Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
⁵ Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy.
⁶ Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70126 Bari, Italy.

PMID: 36500655
PMCID: PMC9740261
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238562

Abstract

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was the seventh known human coronavirus, and it was identified in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, in 2020. It caused the highly contagious disease called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020. A great number of studies in the search of new therapies and vaccines have been carried out in these three long years, producing a series of successes; however, the need for more effective vaccines, therapies and other solutions is still being pursued. This review represents a tracking shot of the current pharmacological therapies used for the treatment of COVID-19.

Keywords: COVID-19; JAKs inhibitors; NSAIDs; SARS-CoV-2; antibiotics; anticoagulants; antivirals; immunomodulators; interleukin inhibitors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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References

1. WHO WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. [(accessed on 14 November 2022)]; Available online: https://covid19.who.int/
1. Iacopetta D., Ceramella J., Catalano A., Saturnino C., Pellegrino M., Mariconda A., Longo P., Sinicropi M.S., Aquaro S. COVID-19 at a glance: An up-to-date overview on variants, drug design and therapies. Viruses. 2022;14:573. doi: 10.3390/v14030573. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Del Rio C., Malani P.N., Omer S.B. Confronting the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2, summer 2021. JAMA. 2021;326:1001–1002. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.14811. - DOI - PubMed
1. Lewnard J.A., Hong V., Tartof S.Y. Association of SARS-CoV-2 BA.4/BA.5 Omicron lineages with immune escape and clinical outcome. medRxiv. 2022 doi: 10.1101/2022.07.31.22278258. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
1. Sheward D.J., Kim C., Fischbach J., Sato K., Muschiol S., Ehling R.A., Björkström N.K., Hedestam G.B.K., Reddy S.T., Albert J., et al. Omicron sublineage BA.2.75.2 exhibits extensive escape from neutralising antibodies. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2022;22:1538–1540. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00663-6. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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[1] WHO WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. [(accessed on 14 November 2022)]; Available online: https://covid19.who.int/

[2] WHO WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. [(accessed on 14 November 2022)]; Available online: https://covid19.who.int/

[3] Iacopetta D., Ceramella J., Catalano A., Saturnino C., Pellegrino M., Mariconda A., Longo P., Sinicropi M.S., Aquaro S. COVID-19 at a glance: An up-to-date overview on variants, drug design and therapies. Viruses. 2022;14:573. doi: 10.3390/v14030573. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[4] Iacopetta D., Ceramella J., Catalano A., Saturnino C., Pellegrino M., Mariconda A., Longo P., Sinicropi M.S., Aquaro S. COVID-19 at a glance: An up-to-date overview on variants, drug design and therapies. Viruses. 2022;14:573. doi: 10.3390/v14030573. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[5] Del Rio C., Malani P.N., Omer S.B. Confronting the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2, summer 2021. JAMA. 2021;326:1001–1002. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.14811. - DOI - PubMed

[6] Del Rio C., Malani P.N., Omer S.B. Confronting the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2, summer 2021. JAMA. 2021;326:1001–1002. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.14811. - DOI - PubMed

[7] Lewnard J.A., Hong V., Tartof S.Y. Association of SARS-CoV-2 BA.4/BA.5 Omicron lineages with immune escape and clinical outcome. medRxiv. 2022 doi: 10.1101/2022.07.31.22278258. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[8] Lewnard J.A., Hong V., Tartof S.Y. Association of SARS-CoV-2 BA.4/BA.5 Omicron lineages with immune escape and clinical outcome. medRxiv. 2022 doi: 10.1101/2022.07.31.22278258. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[9] Sheward D.J., Kim C., Fischbach J., Sato K., Muschiol S., Ehling R.A., Björkström N.K., Hedestam G.B.K., Reddy S.T., Albert J., et al. Omicron sublineage BA.2.75.2 exhibits extensive escape from neutralising antibodies. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2022;22:1538–1540. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00663-6. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

[10] Sheward D.J., Kim C., Fischbach J., Sato K., Muschiol S., Ehling R.A., Björkström N.K., Hedestam G.B.K., Reddy S.T., Albert J., et al. Omicron sublineage BA.2.75.2 exhibits extensive escape from neutralising antibodies. Lancet Infect. Dis. 2022;22:1538–1540. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00663-6. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

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Drugs for COVID-19: An Update

Affiliations

Drugs for COVID-19: An Update

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

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Cited by

References

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