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. 2022 Sep-Oct;25(5):515-520.
doi: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_242_22. Epub 2022 Sep 12.

Antibacterial efficacy, calcium ion release, and pH using calcium hydroxide with three vehicles

Diatri Nari Ratih  1 , Ema Mulyawati  1 , Henytaria Fajrianti  1
Affiliations

Antibacterial efficacy, calcium ion release, and pH using calcium hydroxide with three vehicles

Diatri Nari Ratih et al. J Conserv Dent. 2022 Sep-Oct.

Abstract

Context: Vehicles combined with calcium hydroxide, as an intracanal medicament, play a key factor in affecting antibacterial, calcium release, and pH.

Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of three vehicles (glycerin, chlorhexidine gluconate/CHX, and chitosan nanoparticle) combined with calcium hydroxide as an intracanal medicament on antibacterial efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis, calcium ion release, and pH of at different interval times of 7 and 14 days.

Settings and design: The research was experimental laboratory.

Materials and methods: Each study used 24 samples of eight teeth each and was randomly divided into three groups based on the vehicle of calcium hydroxide: group 1: glycerin, group 2: CHX, and group 3: chitosan nanoparticles. Each vehicle group was then further divided into two subgroups of four teeth based on the interval times (group A: 7 days and group B: 14 days). The antibacterial efficacy was determined using an agar diffusion method. Calcium ion release was analyzed with atomic absorption spectrometry, and pH was measured using a pH meter.

Statistical analysis used: Data from each study were analyzed by two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's test with a significance level of 95%.

Results: The results exhibited that chitosan nanoparticles had the highest antibacterial efficacy against E. faecalis, calcium ion release, and pH, while the lowest was glycerin at 7 and 14 days (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Calcium hydroxide combined with chitosan nanoparticle as an intracanal medicament produced the highest antibacterial efficacy against E. faecalis, calcium ion release, and pH than glycerin and CHX at intervals of 7 and 14 days.

Keywords: Antibacterial; calcium hydroxide; calcium ion release; intracanal medicament; pH.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The measurement of inhibition zone; Point O: Center point of the well; Line AB, CD, and EF: Diameter of the radical zone; Line ab, cd and ef: Diameter of the well (6 mm)
Figure 2
Figure 2
The mean and standard deviation. (a) Inhibition zone of glycerin, CHX, and chitosan nanoparticles as vehicles for calcium hydroxide, (b) Calcium ion release of glycerin, CHX, and chitosan nanoparticles as vehicles for calcium hydroxide, (c) pH of glycerin, CHX, and chitosan nanoparticles as vehicles for calcium hydroxide. Different letters indicate statistically significant differences
None
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