Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation

Safety evaluation of the food enzyme phytepsin from Cynara cardunculus L

EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP) et al. EFSA J. .

Abstract

The food enzyme phytepsin (EC 3.4.23.40) is extracted from the pistils of the cardoon Cynara cardunculus L. by ABIASA. It is intended to be used in milk processing for cheese production. As no concerns arose from the source of the food enzyme, from its manufacture, and based on the history of safe use and consumption, the Panel considered that toxicological data and the estimation of dietary exposure were not required. The Panel considered that allergic reactions to this phytepsin cannot be excluded in individuals allergic to this plant. However, the likelihood of allergic reactions to the phytepsin from C. cardunculus L. is expected not to exceed the likelihood of allergic reactions to cardoon. As the prevalence of allergic reactions to cardoon is low, also the likelihood of such reaction to occur to the food enzyme is low. Based on the data provided, the Panel concluded that this food enzyme does not give rise to safety concerns under the intended conditions of use.

Keywords: Cynara cardunculus L.; EC 3.3.23.40; cardoon; flower; food enzyme; phytepsin; plant coagulant.

PubMed Disclaimer

Similar articles

  • Safety evaluation of the food enzyme phytepsin from Cynara cardunculus L.
    EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials; Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP); Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Lampi E, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Steffensen IL, Tlustos C, Van Loveren H, Vernis L, Zorn H, Roos Y, Andryszkiewicz M, Liu Y, Chesson A. EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials; Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP), et al. EFSA J. 2022 Dec 7;20(12):e07678. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7678. eCollection 2022 Dec. EFSA J. 2022. PMID: 36507102 Free PMC article.
  • Safety evaluation of the food enzyme phytepsin from Cynara cardunculus L.
    EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP); Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Lampi E, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Steffensen IL, Tlustos C, Van Loveren H, Vernis L, Zorn H, Andryszkiewicz M, Liu Y, Chesson A. EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP), et al. EFSA J. 2023 Mar 23;21(3):e07909. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7909. eCollection 2023 Mar. EFSA J. 2023. PMID: 36969549 Free PMC article.
  • Safety evaluation of the food enzyme phytepsin from Cynara cardunculus L.
    EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP); Lambré C, Barat Baviera JM, Bolognesi C, Cocconcelli PS, Crebelli R, Gott DM, Grob K, Lampi E, Mengelers M, Mortensen A, Rivière G, Steffensen IL, Tlustos C, Van Loveren H, Vernis L, Zorn H, Roos Y, Andryszkiewicz M, Liu Y, Chesson A. EFSA Panel on Food Contact Materials, Enzymes and Processing Aids (CEP), et al. EFSA J. 2022 Dec 7;20(12):e07680. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7680. eCollection 2022 Dec. EFSA J. 2022. PMID: 36507100 Free PMC article.
  • Cardoon-based rennets for cheese production.
    Almeida CM, Simões I. Almeida CM, et al. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018 Jun;102(11):4675-4686. doi: 10.1007/s00253-018-9032-3. Epub 2018 Apr 26. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2018. PMID: 29696340 Review.
  • Bioactive Compounds from Cardoon as Health Promoters in Metabolic Disorders.
    Silva LR, Jacinto TA, Coutinho P. Silva LR, et al. Foods. 2022 Jan 25;11(3):336. doi: 10.3390/foods11030336. Foods. 2022. PMID: 35159487 Free PMC article. Review.
See all similar articles

References

    1. Barbosa CH, Andrade MA, Vilarinho F, Castanheira I, Fernando AL, Loizzo MR and Silva AS, 2020. A new insight on cardoon: exploring new uses besides cheese making with a view to zero waste. Foods, 9, 564. 10.3390/foods9050564 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Cordeiro MC, Salomé M and Brodelius PE, 1994. Tissue‐specific expression of multiple forms of cyprosin (aspartic proteinase) in flowers of Cynara cardunculus . Physiologia Plantarum, 92, 645–653.
    1. Davila Fernández G, Zapatero L, Bartolomé B, Fuentes V and Alonso E, 2010. Cardoon allergy. Allergologia et Immunopathologia, 38, 165–166. 10.1016/j.aller.2009.09.003 - DOI - PubMed
    1. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , 2009a. Guidance of EFSA prepared by the Scientific Panel of Food Contact Material, Enzymes, Flavourings and Processing Aids on the Submission of a Dossier on Food Enzymes. EFSA Journal 2009;7(8):1305, 26 pp. 10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1305 - DOI
    1. EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) , 2009b. Guidance of the Scientific Committee on transparency in the scientific aspects of risk assessments carried out by EFSA. Part 2: general principles. EFSA Journal 2009;7(5):1051, 22 pp. 10.2903/j.efsa.2009.1051 - DOI

LinkOut - more resources