Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Dec 12;195(1):188.
doi: 10.1007/s10661-022-10797-z.

Using Canadian Water Quality Index method to evaluate the spatio-variation of water quality and the impacts of quality parameters: a case study of Amasya's surface water (Northern Turkey)

Mahamadou Konare  1 , Fatma Gültekin  2 , Esra Hatipoğlu Temizel  3
Affiliations

Using Canadian Water Quality Index method to evaluate the spatio-variation of water quality and the impacts of quality parameters: a case study of Amasya's surface water (Northern Turkey)

Mahamadou Konare et al. Environ Monit Assess. .

Abstract

In this study, the spatial variation of water quality in Yeşilırmak River passing through Amasya was investigated using the Canadian Water Quality Index (CWQI). For this aim, the measured 15 parameters in 3-month periods between the years 2008 and 2015 were used at 11 sample points from the Yeşilırmak River and its tributaries. The calculated CWQI scores using parameters of pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), ammonia, ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, iron, copper, zinc, potassium, sulfate, sulfite and chlorine range from 33 to 64. These scores indicate that the surface waters in the studied area are poor to marginal in quality. The effect of each parameter on the CWQI scores by excluding each parameter, one by one, considering the water quality of the Yeşilırmak River was investigated using the Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) method. It was determined that the presence and/or absence of the parameters, which caused an increase or decrease in CWQI scores, were ammonia, phosphate, COD, sulfide, iron, ammonium, nitrite, DO. On the other hand, the parameters having positive effects on CWQI are nitrate, chlorine and potassium. The HCA statistical analysis method is suitable for interpreting complex water quality datasets and understanding time/location dependent changes in water quality. HCA can be used effectively to group parameters in river water quality monitoring programs.

Keywords: Amasya; Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA); Surface water; Turkey; Water Quality Index (WQI).

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. AİÇD Rap. (2020). TC. Amasya Valiliği Çevre Ve Şehircilik İl Müdürlüğü Amasya İli 2020 Yılı Çevre Durum Raporu (in Turkish).
    1. Almeida, C., González, S., Mallea, M., & González, P. (2012). A recreational water quality index using chemical, physical and microbiological parameters. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 19(8), 3400–3411. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-0865-5 - DOI
    1. Altuntaş, M. (2018). Yeşilırmak Havzası su kalitesi parametrelerinin yapay zekâ teknikleriyle modellenmesi, Erciyes Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İnşaat Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı,63 s.
    1. Ayaz, S., Atasoy-Aytı, E., Koyunoğlu Aynur, Ş, Kıran, B., Beşiktaş, M., Sarıkaya, Ö., & Karaaslan, Y. (2021). Simplified methodologies to designate sensitive areas and nitrate vulnerable zones: A case study of Yesilirmak River Basin, Turkey. Environmental Quality Management, 32(1), 483–494. - DOI
    1. Brown, R. M., McClelland, N. I., Deininger, R. A., & Tozer, R. Z. (1970). A water quality index-do we dare? Water and Sewage Works, 117, 339–343.

LinkOut - more resources