Analysis of long-chain bases in sphingolipids by positive ion fast atom bombardment or matrix-assisted secondary ion mass spectrometry

Abstract

The structures of long-chain bases are expressed as [CH2C(NH2) = CHR]+ (Z+) in the positive ion mode spectra obtained on fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry or liquid-matrix-assisted secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) [Benninghoven, A., Ed. (1983) Ion Formation from Organic Solids, Springer, Berlin]. This phenomenon is common to sphingolipids in general: glycosphingolipids [see reviews by Sweeley and Nunez [Sweeley, C. C., & Nunez, H. A. (1985) Annu. Rev. Biochem. 54, 765] and Kanfer and Hakomori [Kanfer, J. N., & Hakomori, S. (1983) Handb. Lipid Res. 3]] and phosphonosphingolipids [Hayashi, A., & Matsubara, T. (1982) in New Vistas in Glycolipid Research (Makita, A., Handa, S., Taketomi, T., & Nagai, Y., Eds.) p 103, Plenum, New York], inclusive. Phytosphingosine compounds show the same type of fragmentation without additional dehydration if a neutral matrix is used. A Z+ ion is easily detected in the lower mass region (m/z 200-400) as an even mass number fragment ion, and confirmation is made by means of B/E constant and B2/E constant linked scan techniques [Boyd, R. K., & Beynon, J. H. (1977) Org. Mass Spectrom. 12, 163; Boyd, R. K., & Shushan, B. (1981) Int. J. Mass Spectrom. Ion Phys. 37, 355; Macdonald, C. G., & Lacey, M. J. (1984) Org. Mass Spectrom. 19, 55]. [Principles of linked scannings are explicitly summarized by Jennings and Mason [Jennings, K. R., & Mason, R. S. (1983) in Tandem Mass Spectrometry (McLafferty, F. W., Ed.) p 197, Wiley, New York] besides the cited literature.]