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. 2022 Nov 28;9(12):ofac642.
doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofac642. eCollection 2022 Dec.

High Co-circulation of Influenza and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

John T Kubale  1 , Aaron M Frutos  2 , Angel Balmaseda  3   4 , Cristhiam Cerpas  3   4 , Saira Saborio  3   4 , Sergio Ojeda  4 , Carlos Barilla  3 , Nery Sanchez  4 , Gerald Vasquez  3 , Hanny Moreira  3 , Abigail Shotwell  2 , Alyssa Meyers  2 , Roger Lopez  3   4 , Miguel Plazaola  4 , Guillermina Kuan  4   5 , Aubree Gordon  2
Affiliations

High Co-circulation of Influenza and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2

John T Kubale et al. Open Forum Infect Dis. .

Abstract

In the first 2 years of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, influenza transmission decreased substantially worldwide, meaning that health systems were not faced with simultaneous respiratory epidemics. In 2022, however, substantial influenza transmission returned to Nicaragua where it co-circulated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, causing substantial disease burden.

Keywords: Nicaragua; SARS-CoV-2; incidence rate; influenza; vaccination.

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Conflict of interest statement

Potential conflicts of interest. A. G. serves on a respiratory syncytial virus vaccine scientific advisory board for Janssen Pharmaceuticals and has served on a COVID-19 scientific advisory board for Gilead Sciences. All other authors report no potential conflicts.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the cohort. A–C, Number of cases per week for influenza A(H3N2) (A), SARS-CoV-2 (B), and A(H3N2)/SARS-CoV-2 coinfections (C). D and E, Incidence rate (per 100 person-years [PY]) by age for influenza A(H3N2) and SARS-CoV-2, respectively.
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Update of

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