Fibromatosis Colli: About 26 Cases

Abstract

Aims: The aim is to identify the epidemiological, diagnostic, therapeutic, evolutionary aspects, and risk factors related to the occurrence of this condition.

Subjects and methods: It was a retrospective and descriptive study of a series of 26 cases of fibromatosis colli collected over a period of 3 years (from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019). We studied the following parameters: frequency, age, sex, delay of consultation, motive of consultation, gravidity, parity, type of delivery, notion of birth trauma, birth weight, examination findings, ultrasound results, type of treatment, and evolutionary modalities. The data were collected from patients' files. The analysis was done on Excel 2016.

Results: The frequency was 6.5 cases/year. The mean age was 2.1 months. The average delay of consultation was 6.3 weeks. A notion of obstetrical trauma was found in 16 cases (61.5%). Primiparity was noted in 15 cases (57.5%). Associated torticollis was noted in 03 cases. Cervical ultrasonography was performed in all cases (n = 26/26) enabling diagnostic confirmation. Surveillance was the main treatment (84.6%). After a mean follow-up of 20.8 months, evolution was favorable in the majority of patients. The average time of complete regression of the mass was 3.8 months.

Conclusions: Rare condition of the newborn and infant for which the diagnosis is clinical and the confirmation is based on ultrasound. The management is simple and based on surveillance. The evolution is most often toward spontaneous regression.

Keywords: Birth trauma; fibromatosis colli; infant; newborn; sternocleidomastoid.

Figure 1

A 26-day-old male infant with right laterocervical swelling and a deviation of the head to the left side

Figure 2

Ultrasound showing hyperechoic fusiform thickening of the sternocleidomastoid muscle with preservation of its fibrillar aspect