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Review
. 2022 Nov 21;7(6):241-248.
doi: 10.5194/jbji-7-241-2022. eCollection 2022.

Mycetoma caused by Madurella mycetomatis in immunocompromised patients - a case report and systematic literature review

Lotje A Hoogervorst  1   2 , Lindsey S Op de Coul  1 , Arghya Ray  3 , Pieter Bas de Witte  1 , Mark G J de Boer  4
Affiliations
Review

Mycetoma caused by Madurella mycetomatis in immunocompromised patients - a case report and systematic literature review

Lotje A Hoogervorst et al. J Bone Jt Infect. .

Abstract

The aim of this study was to review the available literature concerning Madura foot ("mycetoma") caused by Madurella mycetomatis in immunocompromised patients. With a systematic literature search, we identified only three papers, describing a total of three immunocompromised patients. Hence, the clinical presentation and prognosis of the disease in this patient population have not yet been well described. In addition, we present a case from our institution, illustrating the complexity of the treatment of this rare disease. Although very rare in non-endemic countries, we emphasize that mycetoma should be included in the differential diagnoses of (immunocompromised) patients who have been residing in a geographical area where the disease is endemic and presenting with soft tissue inflammation of one of the extremities.

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Conflict of interest statement

The contact author has declared that none of the authors has any competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Radiograph of the right foot showing the soft tissue swelling on the medial side of the proximal phalanx of the right hallux.
Figure 2
Figure 2
MRI of the foot (sagittal view) showing multiple subcutaneous swellings with “dot-in-circle signs” around the hallux extending into the first web space (the largest nodule measured 3.8 by 3.9 by 3.3 cm).
Figure 3
Figure 3
MRI of the lower limb (sagittal view) showing multiple intra-osseous lesions in the distal tibia.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Intraoperative image showing the soft tissue swelling of the right hallux in situ (a) and the resected soft tissue including black grains (b).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Flowchart of the study selection and inclusion process.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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