Can Lamina Cribrosa Indicate Optic Neuritis in Multiple Sclerosis?

Abstract

Background: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of lamina cribrosa thickness (LCT) and lamina cribrosa depth (LCD), as determined by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), with visual evoked potentials (VEPs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Materials and methods: Patients enrolled in this prospective, cross-sectional study were divided into three groups. Group 1 consisted of 25 relapsing-remitting MS patients with VEP pathology in one or both eyes. In patients with VEP pathology in both eyes, one eye was chosen randomly. Group 2 comprised 25 relapsing-remitting MS patients with no VEP pathology or optic neuritis history. A randomly selected single eye of each patient was evaluated. Group 3 consisted of 25 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers; a randomly selected single eye of these participants was examined. LCT, LCD, and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measurements were determined in four quadrants (superior, inferior, nasal, and temporal) by SD-OCT.

Results: The three groups were similar in terms of age and sex. The mean LCT was lower in Group 1 than in Group 2, but the difference was not statistically significant (268.80 ± 36.69 μm [min-max = 222-394 μm] versus 285.80 ± 12.00 μm [min-max = 249-338 μm]; P = 0.148). The mean LCT was significantly lower in Group 1 than in Group 3 (268.80 ± 36.69 μm [min-max = 222-394 μm] versus 294.80 ± 12.00 μm [min-max = 232-351 μm]; P = 0.012). There was a weak positive correlation between LCT and RNFL-inferior, RNFL-nasal, and RNFL-temporal.

Conclusion: We found that the lamina cribrosa was thinner in MS patients with VEP pathology. To the best of our knowledge, this is a novel finding. Our results imply that LCT could be used as an indicator of optic neuritis in MS patients.

Keywords: Optical coherence tomography; retinal nerve fiber thickness; visual evoked potentials.