[The evolution of personalized medicine: publications review]

Abstract

The personalized medicine is based on suggestion that each person has unique characteristics at molecular, physiological, ecological and behavioral levels. In case of development of disease one is to be treated considering these unique characteristics. This belief was to some extent confirmed by application of such newest technologies as DNA sequencing, proteomics, imaging protocols and application of wireless health monitoring devices which established large inter-individual differences.The purpose of the study was to summarize and systematize the results of publications on personalized medicine and its development.The search for scientific articles was carried out, including the published in peer-reviewed journals indexed in Pubmed, WoS, Scopus and RSCI. The review covers 49 articles considering new technologies that make possible the personalized medicine possible, new experience, modes of verification and application of individualized medications as well as potential means of treating people with fertility problems and infertility.The individualization of medical practice in particular cases is probably inevitable all the more the individual approach to patient becomes more effective and cost-effective. The accessibility of modern biomedical technologies, emergence of wireless monitoring devices allows to implement "personalized" approach to early, subclinical diagnostic, individualization of treatment in order to obtain maximal efficiency and minimal toxicity of therapy, prevention of relapse of disease and its prevention. The technology of cell avatars will permit to prognose development of diseases and, possibly, life expectancy too. The personalized approach in reproductology based on genetic research will permit to eliminate a number of hereditary, orphan diseases in XXI century the same way as studies in immunology and development of vaccines made it possible to eliminate black smallpox in XX century.Conclusion. The future challenges consist not only in looking for new manifold modes of characterizing patient, but also in personalization of therapy, development of individual medication and disease prevention schemes. It is presumably that applying more relevant models based on human cell cultures will allow not only to study pharmacodynamics of medications, but also to implement personalized selection of medication therapy, considering nature of disease and comorbid background of patient.

Keywords: biomarkers; genomics; monitoring; patient; personalized medicine; review.