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. 2022 Dec 22;23(1):845.
doi: 10.1186/s12864-022-09079-2.

Transcriptome analysis and identification of chemosensory genes in the larvae of Plagiodera versicolora

Zhe-Ran Wu #  1 , Jian-Ting Fan #  2 , Na Tong  1 , Jin-Meng Guo  3 , Yang Li  1 , Min Lu  4 , Xiao-Long Liu  5
Affiliations

Transcriptome analysis and identification of chemosensory genes in the larvae of Plagiodera versicolora

Zhe-Ran Wu et al. BMC Genomics. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: In insects, the chemosensory system is crucial in guiding their behaviors for survival. Plagiodera versicolora (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a worldwide leaf-eating forest pest in salicaceous trees. There is little known about the chemosensory genes in P. versicolora. Here, we conducted a transcriptome analysis of larvae heads in P. versicolora.

Results: In this study, 29 odorant binding proteins (OBPs), 6 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 14 odorant receptors (ORs), 13 gustatory receptors (GRs), 8 ionotropic receptors (IRs) and 4 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs) were identified by transcriptome analysis. Compared to the previous antennae and foreleg transcriptome data in adults, 12 OBPs, 2 CSPs, 5 ORs, 4 IRs, and 7 GRs were newly identified in the larvae. Phylogenetic analyses were conducted and found a new candidate CO2 receptor (PverGR18) and a new sugar receptor (PverGR23) in the tree of GRs. Subsequently, the dynamic expression profiles of various genes were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that PverOBP31, OBP34, OBP35, OBP38, and OBP40 were highly expressed in larvae, PverOBP33 and OBP37 were highly expressed in pupae, and PverCSP13 was highly expressed in eggs, respectively.

Conclusions: We identified a total of 74 putative chemosensory genes based on a transcriptome analysis of larvae heads in P. versicolora. This work provides new information for functional studies on the chemoreception mechanism in P. versicolora.

Keywords: Plagiodera versicolora; chemosensory proteins; odorant binding proteins; transcriptome.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Multiple amino acid alignments of the predicted Classic OBPs and Minus-C OBPs. Conserved cysteine residues are marked with a red box (C2 and C5), black (C3, C4 and C6) and pink (C1) background. The number of 61 and 107 amino acids were deleted at the begin of OBP14 and end of OBP38, respectively
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Phylogenetic analysis of the OBPs (odorant-binding proteins) from four insect species: P. versicolora (Pver), C. bowringi (Cbow), M. alternatus (Malt), O. communa (Ocom). The P. versicolora genes are shown in blue. The values at the branch nodes represent bootstrap values based on 1000 replicates
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Multiple amino alignments of the predicted CSPs. Conserved cysteine (C1-C4) residues are marked with a blue box
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Phylogenetic analysis of the CSPs (chemosensory proteins) from four insect species: P. versicolora (Pver), C. bowringi (Cbow), M. alternatus (Malt), O. communa (Ocom) and D. helophoroides (Dhel). The P. versicolora genes are shown in blue. The values at the branch nodes represent bootstrap values based on 1000 replicates
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Phylogenetic analysis of the GRs (gustatory receptors) from ten insect species: P. versicolora (Pver), C. bowringi (Cbow), O. communa (Ocom), A. gambiae (Agam), A. aegypti (Aage), A. coluzzii (Acol), D. melanogaster (Dmel), H. armigera (Harm), P. xylostella (Pxyl) and B. mori (Bmor). The P. versicolora genes are shown in blue. The values at the branch nodes represent bootstrap values based on 1000 replicates
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Expression levels of chemosensory genes in different stages performed by qRT-PCR. E, eggs; 1st, first instar larvae; 2nd, second instar larvae heads; 3rd, third instar larvae heads; P, pupae. Error bars indicate standard error of three biological replicates
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