Predictors of Vaccine Uptake among Migrants in the United States: A Rapid Systematic Review

Abstract

Evaluating challenges to vaccine uptake in non-US-born individuals is necessary for increasing national vaccination rates. This rapid review was conducted to investigate predictors of vaccine utilization among US migrants. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist was utilized, along with the Rayyan webtool, to facilitate the process of identifying primary research articles. Data were independently extracted by using a piloted, customized form. This was tabulated and the results were reported. Of the 186 abstracts reviewed, nine articles were included. Populations included in this review were refugees (n = 1), undocumented migrants (n = 1), migrants crossing the US-Mexico border (n = 2), Blacks (n = 1), and US-born vs. non-US-born adults (n = 1). Three studies focused on "foreign-born" children. The vaccines included in the literature reviewed were both combined series and individual, with one study addressing immunization instead of specific vaccines. Detailed characteristics of these studies and their quality evaluations were also reported. This review identified gaps in research regarding immunization among different migrant groups. Multilevel interventions should be considered to leverage the existing facilitators and address the known modifiable barriers to creating an accessible and supportive environment for marginalized populations.

Keywords: COVID-19; US; determinant; migrant; predictor; refugee; vaccine; vaccine uptake.

Figure A1

Graphical presentation of ROBIS evaluation results from this review.

Figure 1

Study selection process shown by PRISMA 2020 flow diagram for new systematic reviews including searches of databases, registers, and other sources.