Potential conflicts of interest. M. H. S. has ongoing research contracts with Nevakar and SuperTrans Medical (contracts to the university, unrelated to this work) as well as having filed patent US10688195B2; consulting fees paid to the author from Spero, Merck, Takeda, Nevakar, SuperTrans Medical, AbbVie, and ThirdPole Therapeutics; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speaker’s bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from Premier Healthcare Solutions; and payment for expert testimony from Hall, Booth, Smith, PC; Reminger Co, LPA; Taylor, English, Duma, LLP; and Chambless, Higdon, Richardson, Katz & Griggs, LLP. G. M. P. reports an unpaid role as Member of American College of Clinical Pharmacology, Education Committee. E. F. B. reports consulting fees paid to the author from Wolters Kluwer. A. S. reports the following grants or contracts unrelated to this work: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) K23120811 and National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) U01AI163081; consulting fees from CVS Caremark, AstraZeneca, Bayer AG, and Horizon Therapeutics PLC; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speaker’s bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from AstraZeneca; and payment for expert testimony from Tate & Latham. T. M. reports a grant from NIDDK (K08DK124658), unrelated to this work. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed.