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Review
. 2022 Dec 13;13(12):2355.
doi: 10.3390/genes13122355.

Genetic Variants and Protective Immunity against SARS-CoV-2

Ali A Rabaan  1   2   3 , Abbas Al Mutair  4   5   6   7 , Mohammed Aljeldah  8 , Basim R Al Shammari  8 , Tarek Sulaiman  9 , Abeer N Alshukairi  2   10 , Mubarak Alfaresi  11   12 , Jumana M Al-Jishi  13 , Neda A Al Bati  14 , Maha A Al-Mozaini  15 , Ali Al Bshabshe  16 , Jenan A Almatouq  17 , Abdulmonem A Abuzaid  18 , Amal H Alfaraj  19 , Wasl Al-Adsani  20   21 , Mohammed Alabdullah  22 , Sara Alwarthan  23 , Fatimah Alsalman  24 , Ameen S S Alwashmi  25 , Saad Alhumaid  26
Affiliations
Review

Genetic Variants and Protective Immunity against SARS-CoV-2

Ali A Rabaan et al. Genes (Basel). .

Abstract

The novel coronavirus-19 (SARS-CoV-2), has infected numerous individuals worldwide, resulting in millions of fatalities. The pandemic spread with high mortality rates in multiple waves, leaving others with moderate to severe symptoms. Co-morbidity variables, including hypertension, diabetes, and immunosuppression, have exacerbated the severity of COVID-19. In addition, numerous efforts have been made to comprehend the pathogenic and host variables that contribute to COVID-19 susceptibility and pathogenesis. One of these endeavours is understanding the host genetic factors predisposing an individual to COVID-19. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have demonstrated the host predisposition factors in different populations. These factors are involved in the appropriate immune response, their imbalance influences susceptibility or resistance to viral infection. This review investigated the host genetic components implicated at the various stages of viral pathogenesis, including viral entry, pathophysiological alterations, and immunological responses. In addition, the recent and most updated genetic variations associated with multiple host factors affecting COVID-19 pathogenesis are described in the study.

Keywords: COVID-19; Genetic resistance; coronaviruses; protective immunity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Genetic resistance of host against the COVID-19 virus at the level of entry of the virus.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Genetic components responsible for immune response.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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