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. 2022 Dec 19;13(12):2257.
doi: 10.3390/mi13122257.

Terahertz Combined with Metamaterial Microfluidic Chip for Troponin Antigen Detection

Yen-Shuo Lin  1 , Shih-Ting Huang  2 , Shen-Fu Hsu  3 , Kai-Yuan Tang  3 , Ta-Jen Yen  4 , Da-Jeng Yao  1
Affiliations

Terahertz Combined with Metamaterial Microfluidic Chip for Troponin Antigen Detection

Yen-Shuo Lin et al. Micromachines (Basel). .

Abstract

In this paper, we use terahertz combined with metamaterial technology as a powerful tool to identify analytes at different concentrations. Combined with the microfluidic chip, the experimental measurement can be performed with a small amount of analyte. In detecting the troponin antigen, surface modification is carried out by biochemical binding. Through the observation of fluorescent antibodies, the average number of fluorescent dots per unit of cruciform metamaterial is 25.60, and then, by adjusting the binding temperature and soaking time, the average number of fluorescent dots per unit of cruciform metamaterial can be increased to 181.02. Through the observation of fluorescent antibodies, it is confirmed that the antibodies can be successfully stabilized on the metamaterial and then bound to the target antigen. The minimum detectable concentration is between 0.05~0.1 μg/100 μL, and the concentration and ΔY show a positive correlation of R2 = 0.9909.

Keywords: antigen; metamaterials; microfluidics; terahertz; troponin.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) The design of the microfluidic system; (b) complete microfluidic chip; (c) the design of the cruciform silver metamaterial; (d) experiment result shows a resonant dip at frequency 485.63 GHz.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Schematic diagram of experimental setup; (b) TeraPulse system structure diagram; (c) VDI system structure diagram.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Flow chart of surface modification of silver film.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) Five regions on the top, left, middle, right, and bottom of the metamaterial array; (b,c) the average number of fluorescent dots results, with and without 11-MUA.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(a) Fluorescent dot picture; (b) number statistics of antibody parameter optimization experiment.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Experimental results and fluorescence quantity of three EDC/NHS parameters.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Resonance curve of troponin antigen experiment by TeraPulse.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Relationship between the antigen concentration and ΔY by TeraPulse.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Resonance curve of troponin antigen experiment by VDI system.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Relationship between the antigen concentration and ΔX.ΔY by VDI system.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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