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. 2022 Dec 14;27(24):8886.
doi: 10.3390/molecules27248886.

Functional Chitosan-Calcium Carbonate Coatings for Enhancing Water and Fungal Resistance of Paper Materials

Erwan Le Goué  1   2 , Frédérique Ham-Pichavant  1 , Stéphane Grelier  1 , Jordan Remy  2 , Véronique Coma  1
Affiliations

Functional Chitosan-Calcium Carbonate Coatings for Enhancing Water and Fungal Resistance of Paper Materials

Erwan Le Goué et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

The objective of this study was to increase the water resistance of paper while providing fungal resistance using a bio-based coating made from chitosan. The water resistance was improved through the surface control of roughness using modified calcium carbonate particles. The higher the quantity of particles in the film-forming solution, the higher the surface hydrophobicity of the paper. The addition of particles was found to counterbalance the chitosan hydrophilicity through the control of the coatings' penetration in the paper bulk. As a consequence, the wetting time and liquid water resistance were enhanced. The antifungal activity of the film-forming solutions and coated paper was also investigated against the growth of Chaetomium globosum, which was selected as a model strain able to contaminate paper materials. The results reveal that the antifungal activity of chitosan was improved by a possible synergic effect with the bicarbonate ions from the mineral particles.

Keywords: Chaetomium globosum; antifungal activity; cellulose; hydrophobicity; stearic acid.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Granulometric curves of PCC before (a) and after modification (b).
Figure 2
Figure 2
FTIR transmission spectra of modified PCC, stearic acid and PCC. The spectrum of modified PCC spectrum was substracted from PCC spectrum, but the band between 1400 and 1500 cm−1 was cut for clarity.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) TGA and (b) dTGA of PCC before and after modification.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Illustration of stearate adsorption at the calcite surface.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Visual aspect of chitosan films prepared with different amounts (wt.%) of modified PCC. Chitosan was first solubilized (1.0% w/v) in lactic acid solution (0.5 vol.%) before incorporation of modified PCC.
Figure 6
Figure 6
FTIR spectra for paper and coated paper. (a) Coated side, (b) uncoated side.
Figure 7
Figure 7
SEM micrographs of surface and cross-section of paper samples. For cross-section images, coated sides were on the top. (a,e) Uncoated paper; (b,f) 20 wt.% of modified PCC; (c,g) chitosan coating; (d,h) 50 wt.% of modified PCC.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Curves of dynamic liquid water penetration for paper substrate and coated papers. Coatings were made from film-forming solutions containing only chitosan or chitosan and modified PCC at 20 and 50 wt.%.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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