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Meta-Analysis
. 2022 Dec 8;14(24):5223.
doi: 10.3390/nu14245223.

Risk of Heart Failure between Different Metabolic States of Health and Weight: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

Xiaowen Wang  1   2   3 , Jiayi Dong  2 , Zhicheng Du  4 , Jie Jiang  3 , Yonghua Hu  3 , Liqiang Qin  5 , Yuantao Hao  1
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Risk of Heart Failure between Different Metabolic States of Health and Weight: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies

Xiaowen Wang et al. Nutrients. .

Abstract

We conducted a systematic review of cohort studies comparing the risk of heart failure in people with differing metabolic health and obesity statuses. We searched three electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus), where the studies of the relationships of metabolic health and obesity statuses with heart failure were included. Fixed-effects or random-effects models were used to estimate the summary relative risks [RRs]. Ten cohort studies were selected. Compared with individuals with normal metabolic health and body mass, the pooled RRs (95% confidence intervals) for heart failure were 1.23 (1.17, 1.29) for metabolic healthy overweight individuals, 1.52 (1.40, 1.64) for metabolic healthy individuals with obesity, 1.56 (1.30, 1.87) for metabolically unhealthy normal-weight individuals, 1.75 (1.55, 1.98) for metabolically unhealthy overweight individuals, and 2.28 (1.96, 2.66) for metabolic unhealthy individuals with obesity. A sensitivity analysis suggested that no single study had a substantial effect on the results. The Egger's and Begg's tests showed no evidence of publication bias. People with overweight or obesity were at a higher risk of heart failure, even if metabolically healthy. In addition, compared with metabolically healthy normal-weight individuals; metabolically unhealthy normal-weight individuals, and those with overweight or and obesity, were at higher risk of heart failure.

Keywords: cohort; heart failure; meta-analysis; metabolic health; obesity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart of study selection.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pooled results of the comparison of the risk of heart failure associated with metabolically healthy overweight or obesity, compared with that of the metabolically healthy normal-weight group [14,15,16,18,19,20,22,23,30,31]. MHOW: Metabolically healthy overweight group, MHO: Metabolically healthy obesity group.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pooled results of the comparison of the risk of heart failure associated with metabolically unhealthy normal weight, overweight, or obesity, compared with that of the metabolically healthy normal-weight group [14,15,16,18,19,20,22,23,30,31]. MUHNW: Metabolically unhealthy normal-weight group, MUHOW: Metabolically unhealthy overweight group, MUHO: Metabolically unhealthy obesity group.
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