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. 2022 Dec 9;10(12):2108.
doi: 10.3390/vaccines10122108.

Efficacy Studies against PCV-2 of a New Trivalent Vaccine including PCV-2a and PCV-2b Genotypes and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae When Administered at 3 Weeks of Age

Patricia Pleguezuelos  1   2   3 , Marina Sibila  1   2   3 , Carla Ramírez  1   2   3 , Rosa López-Jiménez  1   2   3 , Diego Pérez  1   2   3 , Eva Huerta  1   2   3 , Anna Maria Llorens  1   2   3 , Mónica Pérez  1   2   3 , Florencia Correa-Fiz  1   2   3 , José Carlos Mancera Gracia  4 , Lucas P Taylor  5 , Jennifer Smith  5 , Meggan Bandrick  5 , Stasia Borowski  4 , Gillian Saunders  4 , Joaquim Segalés  1   3   6 , Sergio López-Soria  1   2   3 , Maria Fort  7 , Mónica Balasch  7
Affiliations

Efficacy Studies against PCV-2 of a New Trivalent Vaccine including PCV-2a and PCV-2b Genotypes and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae When Administered at 3 Weeks of Age

Patricia Pleguezuelos et al. Vaccines (Basel). .

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a new trivalent vaccine containing inactivated Porcine Circovirus 1-2a and 1-2b chimeras and a Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterin administered to pigs around 3 weeks of age. This trivalent vaccine has already been proved as efficacious in a split-dose regimen but has not been tested in a single-dose scenario. For this purpose, a total of four studies including two pre-clinical and two clinical studies were performed. Globally, a significant reduction in PCV-2 viraemia and faecal excretion was detected in vaccinated pigs compared to non-vaccinated animals, as well as lower histopathological lymphoid lesion plus PCV-2 immunohistochemistry scorings, and incidence of PCV-2-subclinical infection. Moreover, in field trial B, a significant increase in body weight and in average daily weight gain were detected in vaccinated animals compared to the non-vaccinated ones. Circulation of PCV-2b in field trial A and PCV-2a plus PCV-2d in field trial B was confirmed by virus sequencing. Hence, the efficacy of this new trivalent vaccine against a natural PCV-2a, PCV-2b or PCV-2d challenge was demonstrated in terms of reduction of histopathological lymphoid lesions and PCV-2 detection in tissues, serum and faeces, as well as improvement of production parameters.

Keywords: efficacy; porcine circovirus 2; porcine respiratory disease complex; postweaning multisystemic wasting disease; single dose; trivalent vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

J.C.M.G., M.F., S.B., G.S., L.T., M.B. (Meggan Bandrick), J.S. (Jennifer Smith) and M.B. (Mónica Balasch) are Zoetis employees. The rest of the authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PCV-2a challenge study results: PCV-2 ELISA (mean S/P ratio ± SE) (panel A), PCV-2 viraemia load (mean PCV-2 DNA copies/mL ± SE) (panel B) and PCV-2 faecal shedding load (mean PCV-2 DNA copies/mL ± SE) (panel C). Different letters indicate significant differences among experimental groups (p ≤ 0.05).
Figure 2
Figure 2
PCV-2b challenge study results: PCV-2 ELISA (mean S/P ratio ± SE) (panel A), PCV-2 viraemia load (mean log10 PCV-2 DNA copies/mL ± SE) (panel B) and PCV-2 faecal shedding load (mean log10 PCV-2 DNA copies/mL ± SE) (panel C). Different letters indicate significant differences among experimental groups (p ≤ 0.05).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Field trial A results: PCV-2 IgG ELISA S/P results (mean ± SE) in serum samples (panel A), PCV-2 viraemia evolution (mean log10 genomic copies/mL ± SE) (panel B) and PCV-2 qPCR results (mean log10 genomic copies/swab ± SE) in faecal samples (panel C) at different timepoints. Different letters indicate significant differences among experimental groups (p ≤ 0.05).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Field trial B results: PCV-2 IgG ELISA S/P results (mean ± SE) in serum samples at different timepoints (panel A), PCV-2 viraemia evolution (mean log10 genomic copies/mL ± SE) (panel B) and PCV-2 qPCR results (mean log10 genomic copies/swab ±SE) in faecal samples (panel C) at different timepoints. Different letters indicate significant differences among experimental groups (p ≤ 0.05).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Linear regression and Pearson correlation coefficient between PCV-2 ELISA S/P ratios at vaccination and the increase of these titres until seven weeks of age approximately (Delta Value) in vaccinated piglets of field trial A (A) and field trial B (B).
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