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. 2023 May 1;28(3):e247-e254.
doi: 10.4317/medoral.25667.

Efficacy of stem cells in bone rehabilitation in patients with alveolar bone atrophy: a systematic review

M Pérez-Leal  1 , M Scanferla, M-C Carceller, N Flacco
Affiliations

Efficacy of stem cells in bone rehabilitation in patients with alveolar bone atrophy: a systematic review

M Pérez-Leal et al. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. .

Abstract

Background: Biomedical engineering proposes the use of stem cells as a bone rehabilitation treatment in patients with alveolar bone defects. Many authors suggest that this innovative technique could represent the future of bone regeneration in dentistry. The present study systematically reviewed the efficacy of stem cells in bone regeneration in patients with alveolar bone atrophy.

Material and methods: The study was developed following the criteria of the PRISMA guideline (2020). The literature review was conducted in Pubmed, Medline Complete, and Scopus. The search algorithms used the following key words: stem cells, bone regeneration, and alveolar ridge augmentation. To assess the risk of bias, the CASPe methodology was used.

Results: Seven clinical trials in humans were included in this systematic review. In all the studies, the proposed objective of bone regeneration by using stem cells was achieved, although in a different way with different results. Although the authors of the analysed clinical trials achieved favourable results, they highlighted the presence of multiple limitations throughout bone regeneration treatments, such as scarce scientific literature on stem cells, a reduced number of follow-up studies, and a lack of a standardized international protocol.

Conclusions: Based on the analysed studies, it is concluded that the therapy proposed by tissue engineering through the use of stem cells to rehabilitate patients with bone atrophies can be considered effective. In addition, the need for further studies and standardization of protocols is highlighted.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow Chart following the PRISMA statement (2020), in which the study selection process and results of the bibliographic search for this systematic review are graphically represented, including reasons for excluding some of the studies.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Evaluation of methodological quality and risk of bias using the CASPe methodology.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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