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Clinical Trial
. 2023 Jul;27(7):2216-2225.
doi: 10.1007/s10461-022-03953-6. Epub 2023 Jan 11.

Food Insecurity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Mixed-Methods Study from a Cohort of HIV Clients in Uganda

Sarah MacCarthy #  1 , Zachary Wagner #  2 , Uzaib Saya  2 , Ishita Ghai  3 , Yvonne Karamagi  4 , Mary Odiit  4 , Barbara Mukasa  4 , Sebastian Linnemayr  5
Affiliations
Clinical Trial

Food Insecurity During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Mixed-Methods Study from a Cohort of HIV Clients in Uganda

Sarah MacCarthy et al. AIDS Behav. 2023 Jul.

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic threatens the food security of people in low-income countries. This is important for people living with HIV (PLWH) because HIV medication should be taken with food to avoid side-effects. We used survey data (n = 314) and qualitative interviews (n = 95) to longitudinally explore how the pandemic impacted food insecurity among PLWH in Kampala, Uganda. Prior to March 2020, 19.7% of respondents were food insecure. Our regression models estimate that food insecurity rose by 9.1 percentage points in our first round of surveys (June-September 2020; p < 0.05; t = 2.17), increasing to 17.2 percentage points in the second round of surveys (July-November 2021; p < 0.05; t = 2.32). Qualitative interviews reveal that employment loss and deteriorating support systems led to reduced meals and purchasing of cheaper foods. Respondents reported continuing to take their HIV medication even in the presence of food insecurity. Strategies for ensuring that PLWH have enough food should be prioritized so that the millions of PLWH in sub-Saharan Africa can take their medication without experiencing uncomfortable side-effects.Clinical Trials Registration Number NCT03494777.

Keywords: Antiretroviral therapy (ART); COVID-19; Food insecurity; HIV/AIDS; Uganda.

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Conflict of interest statement

We declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Data collection timeline. Notes Pre-COVID 1 = June 2018-August 2019, Pre-COVID 2 = January 2019-March 2020, Pre-COVID 3 = July 2019-March 2020 (33 of 320 observations for this round were after the start of the pandemic and thus not included), COVID Round 1 = June–September 2020, COVID Round 2 = July–September 2021
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Food insecurity before and during the pandemic. Pre-COVID 1 = June 2018-August 2019, Pre-COVID 2 = January 2019-March 2020, Pre-COVID 3 = July 2019-March 2020 (33 of 320 observations for this round were after the start of the pandemic and thus not included), COVID Round 1 = June–September 2020, COVID Round 2 = July–September 2021
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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