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. 2023 Jan 12;5(1):2.
doi: 10.1186/s42466-022-00228-2.

The "SALPARE study" of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage-part 2-early CT predictors of outcome in ICH: keeping it simple

Renzo Manara #  1 , Ludovica De Rosa #  2 , Francesca Vodret  3 , Caterina Kulyk  4 , Renato Pennella  5 , Eleonora Contrino  5 , Giacomo Cester  1 , Francesco Causin  1 , Alessio Pieroni  3 , Federica Viaro  3 , Maria Luisa Zedde  6 , Rosario Pascarella  7 , Rosa Napoletano  8 , Claudio Baracchini #  3
Affiliations

The "SALPARE study" of spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage-part 2-early CT predictors of outcome in ICH: keeping it simple

Renzo Manara et al. Neurol Res Pract. .

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic role of hematoma characteristics and hematoma expansion (HE) in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: This multicenter prospective cohort study enrolled consecutive adult patients with non-traumatic ICH admitted to three Italian academic hospitals (Salerno, Padova, Reggio Emilia) over a 2-year period. Early noncontrast CT (NCCT) features of the hematoma, including markers of HE, and 3-month outcome were recorded. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of poor outcome.

Results: A total of 682 patients were included in the study [mean age: 73 ± 14 years; 316 (46.3%) females]. Pontine and massive hemorrhage, intraventricular bleeding, baseline hematoma volume > 15 mL, blend sign, swirl sign, margin irregularity ≥ 4, density heterogeneity ≥ 3, hypodensity ≥ 1, island sign, satellite sign, and black hole sign were associated with a higher risk of mortality and disability. However, at multivariate analysis only initial hematoma volume (OR 29.71) proved to be an independent predictor of poor functional outcome at 3 months.

Conclusion: Simple hematoma volume measured on baseline CT best identifies patients with a worse outcome, while early NCCT markers of HE do not seem to add any clinically significant information.

Keywords: Cerebral hemorrhage; Hematoma expansion; NCCT markers.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no relationships that could be construed as a competing interest.

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