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. 2023 Oct;30(7):2296-2317.
doi: 10.1177/10731911221143354. Epub 2023 Jan 11.

Examining Schizotypal Personality Scales Within and Across Interpersonal Circumplex Surfaces

A Esin Asan  1 , Aaron L Pincus  1
Affiliations

Examining Schizotypal Personality Scales Within and Across Interpersonal Circumplex Surfaces

A Esin Asan et al. Assessment. 2023 Oct.

Abstract

Differing perspectives on the operationalization of schizotypal personality pathology (STPP) have led to numerous multidimensional assessment measures. The current study applied the interpersonal construct validation approach to self-report data from 856 undergraduate students to formally examine the interpersonal content, similarities, and differences in the subscales of four measures of STPP within and across two interpersonal circumplex surfaces using a bootstrapping methodology for computing confidence intervals around circumplex structural summary method parameters. Results suggested that negative-like expressions of STPP are prototypically and distinctively interpersonal constructs associated with cold and socially avoidant interpersonal problems and hypersensitivity to others' warmth and affection. Positive-like expressions of STPP as assessed by two out of four measures were prototypically and distinctively interpersonal constructs associated with vindictiveness. Across four measures, there was notable overlap in interpersonal correlates among related subscales, suggesting convergent validity. However, subscales containing social anxiety content were associated with more submissive (i.e., socially avoidant) interpersonal problems than subscales without social anxiety content.

Keywords: bootstrapping; interpersonal circumplex; interpersonal construct validation; personality assessment; schizotypal personality disorder.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The Interpersonal Problems (A) and Sensitivities (B) Circumplexes.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Illustration of the Cosine Curve Parameters Associated With the Structural Summary Method for Circumplex Data (Trucco et al., 2013).
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Amplitude and Angular Displacement CIs (SSM Plots) for Schizotypal Personality Pathology Subscales Across Interpersonal Problems (IIP-SC) and Sensitivities (ISC) Surfaces Note. Amplitude (radial) and angular displacement (angular) CIs for negative/interpersonal scales are depicted for negative/interpersonal schizotypy (A and C) and positive/cognitive-perceptual schizotypy (B and D) subscales and domains. Dashed lines indicate non-prototypical profiles (R2 < .70). SSM = structural summary method; IIP-SC = Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Short Circumplex; ISC = Interpersonal Sensitivities Circumplex; CI = confidence interval. Negative/interpersonal subscales: MSS_N = MSS Negative; SPQ_IP = SPQ Interpersonal; FFSI_E = FFSI Low Extraversion; FFSI_N = FFSI High Neuroticism; PID5_Det = PID-5 detachment; Positive/cognitive-perceptual subscales: MSS_P = MSS Positive; SPQ_CP = SPQ Cognitive-Perceptual; FFSI_A = FFSI Low Agreeableness; FFSI_O = FFSI High Openness; PID5_Psy = PID-5 psychoticism.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Amplitude (Radial) and Angular Displacement (Angular) Confidence Intervals for Negative/Interpersonal Schizotypal Personality Pathology Subscales Including SPQ-BRU Interpersonal and SPQ-BRU Social Anxiety on the IIP-SC Surface. Note. SPQ-BRU = Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief Revised Updated; IIP-SC = Inventory of Interpersonal Problems Short Circumplex; MSS_N = MSS Negative; SPQ_IPwoutSA = SPQ-BRU Interpersonal; SPQ_SA = SPQ-BRU Social Anxiety; FFSI_E = FFSI Low Extraversion; FFSI_N = FFSI High Neuroticism; PID5_Det = PID-5 detachment.
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