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Review
. 2023 Feb 27;51(1):435-445.
doi: 10.1042/BST20221172.

Use of invertebrates to model chemically induced parkinsonism-symptoms

Clynton Lourenço Correa  1 , Carlos Augusto Borges de Andrade Gomes  2   3 , Andressa de Abreu Mello  2   3 , Nathany da Silva Nogueira  4   5 , Taiane Barreto Medeiros  4   5 , Cintia Monteiro de Barros  4   5 , Silvana Allodi  2   3
Affiliations
Review

Use of invertebrates to model chemically induced parkinsonism-symptoms

Clynton Lourenço Correa et al. Biochem Soc Trans. .

Abstract

The prevalence of neurological diseases is currently growing due to the combination of several factor, including poor lifestyle and environmental imbalance which enhance the contribution of genetic factors. Parkinson's disease (PD), a chronic and progressive neurological condition, is one of the most prevalent neurodegenerative human diseases. Development of models may help to understand its pathophysiology. This review focuses on studies using invertebrate models to investigate certain chemicals that generate parkinsonian-like symptoms models. Additionally, we report some preliminary results of our own research on a crustacean (the crab Ucides cordatus) and a solitary ascidian (Styela plicata), used after induction of parkinsonism with 6-hydroxydopamine and the pesticide rotenone, respectively. We also discuss the advantages, limits, and drawbacks of using invertebrate models to study PD. We suggest prospects and directions for future investigations of PD, based on invertebrate models.

Keywords: animal model; experimental Parkinson's disease; invertebrates; toxicology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no competing interests associated with the manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Quantification of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)+ cells in control and experimental groups (treated with 100 µM of 6-hydroxydopamine, 6-OHDA).
(A) comparison of control with experimental groups (1, 3, and 5 days of exposure to 6-OHDA). The results showed reduction in TH+ cells in all experimental groups compared with the controls. (B) comparison of treated groups with each other revealed decreases in TH+ cells during the course of the experiment.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. Effect of rotenone on the ascidian Styela plicata as evaluated by the siphon test.
After systemic injection with 3 mg/kg of rotenone, the time of closure of the oral siphon after mechanical stimulation was evaluated from days 0 to 10 after injection. (*) animals injected with rotenone versus control animals; (•) control animals; (▪) animals injected only with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), the vehicle used to solubilize the rotenone; (Δ) animals injected with 3 mg/kg rotenone. * P < 0.05, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001. (#) rotenone-injected animals versus DMSO-injected animals, ## P < 0.01, #### P < 0.0001.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.. Groups of invertebrates used as models to study parkinsonism.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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