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Review
. 2023 Apr;195(4):2451-2462.
doi: 10.1007/s12010-022-04300-0. Epub 2023 Jan 19.

Molecular Pathogenesis of Nipah Virus

Pratik Talukdar  1 , Debankita Dutta  2 , Elija Ghosh  2 , Indrani Bose  2 , Sourish Bhattacharjee  2
Affiliations
Review

Molecular Pathogenesis of Nipah Virus

Pratik Talukdar et al. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2023 Apr.

Abstract

Viral diseases are causing mayhem throughout the world. One of the zoonotic viruses that have emerged as a potent threat to community health in the past few decades is Nipah virus. Nipah viral sickness is a zoonotic disease whose main carrier is bat. This disease is caused by Nipah virus (NiV). It belongs to the henipavirous group and of the family paramyxoviridae. Predominantly Pteropus spp. is the carrier of this virus. It was first reported from the Kampung Sungai Nipah town of Malaysia in 1998. Human-to-human transmission can also occur. Several repeated outbreaks were reported from South and Southeast Asia in the recent past. In humans, the disease is responsible for rapid development of acute illness, which can result in severe respiratory illness and serious encephalitis. Therefore, this calls for an urgent need for health authorities to conduct clinical trials to establish possible treatment regimens to prevent any further outbreaks.

Keywords: Encephalitis; Epidemiology; Nipah virus (NiV); Pathology; Septicemia; Seroprevalence; Zoonotic.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Structure of Nipah virus (picture reference: adapted from Pillai et al. 2020 under Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license [4]
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Nipah virus disease-causing pathway
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Arrangement of Nipah viral genome
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Henipavirus outbreak and Pteropus distribution map
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Phylogenetic tree showing close homology between Indian and Malaysian strains
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Further Reading
    1. Journal reference: 1. Haselbeck, A. and Hösel, W. (1993) Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 42, 207–219.
    1. Chapter in book: 2. Gaastra, W. (1984), in Methods in Molecular Biology, vol. 2: Nucleic Acids (Walker, J. M.,ed.), Humana, Totowa, NJ, pp. 333–341.
    1. Book reference: 3. Franks, F. (1993) Protein Biotechnology, 2nd ed., Humana, Totowa, NJ
    1. Report/Document: 4. Macgregor, S. (1993), PhD thesis, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, UK.
    1. Online: 5. Cancer Facts and Figures 2006. Available from: wwwcancerorg. Accessed December 31, 2006.

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