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Review
. 2022 Dec 19;9(4):519-535.
doi: 10.3934/Neuroscience.2022030. eCollection 2022.

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: Diagnostic updates and advances

Kevin Pierre  1 , Vanessa Molina  2 , Shil Shukla  2 , Anthony Avila  2 , Nicholas Fong  2 , Jessica Nguyen  2 , Brandon Lucke-Wold  3
Affiliations
Review

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy: Diagnostic updates and advances

Kevin Pierre et al. AIMS Neurosci. .

Abstract

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that occurs secondary to repetitive mild traumatic brain injury. Current clinical diagnosis relies on symptomatology and structural imaging findings which often vary widely among those with the disease. The gold standard of diagnosis is post-mortem pathological examination. In this review article, we provide a brief introduction to CTE, current diagnostic workup and the promising research on imaging and fluid biomarker diagnostic techniques. For imaging, we discuss quantitative structural analyses, DTI, fMRI, MRS, SWI and PET CT. For fluid biomarkers, we discuss p-tau, TREM2, CCL11, NfL and GFAP.

Keywords: chronic traumatic encephalopathy; diagnostics; management; work up.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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