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Review
. 2023 Jan 10;12(1):138.
doi: 10.3390/antibiotics12010138.

Vaccination against Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Spanish Adults: Practical Recommendations by the NeumoExperts Prevention Group

Esther Redondo  1 , Irene Rivero-Calle  2   3   4 , Enrique Mascarós  5 , Daniel Ocaña  6 , Isabel Jimeno  7 , Ángel Gil  4   8 , José Luis Díaz-Maroto  9 , Manuel Linares  10 , María Ángeles Onieva-García  11 , Fernando González-Romo  12 , José Yuste  4   13 , Federico Martinón-Torres  2   3   4
Affiliations
Review

Vaccination against Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Spanish Adults: Practical Recommendations by the NeumoExperts Prevention Group

Esther Redondo et al. Antibiotics (Basel). .

Abstract

In the adult population, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a serious disease that is responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates, being frequently associated with multidrug resistant pathogens. The aim of this review is to update a practical immunization prevention guideline for CAP in Spain caused by prevalent respiratory pathogens, based on the available scientific evidence through extensive bibliographic review and expert opinion. The emergence of COVID-19 as an additional etiological cause of CAP, together with the rapid changes in the availability of vaccines and recommendations against SARS-CoV-2, justifies the need for an update. In addition, new conjugate vaccines of broader spectrum against pneumococcus, existing vaccines targeting influenza and pertussis or upcoming vaccines against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) will be very useful prophylactic tools to diminish the burden of CAP and all of its derived complications. In this manuscript, we provide practical recommendations for adult vaccination against the pathogens mentioned above, including their contribution against antibiotic resistance. This guide is intended for the individual perspective of protection and not for vaccination policies, as we do not pretend to interfere with the official recommendations of any country. The use of vaccines is a realistic approach to fight these infections and ameliorate the impact of antimicrobial resistance. All of the recently available scientific evidence included in this review gives support to the indications established in this practical guide to reinforce the dissemination and implementation of these recommendations in routine clinical practice.

Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 vaccines; VRS; antimicrobial resistance; community-acquired pneumonia; influenza vaccination; influenza vaccines; pertussis; pneumococcal conjugate vaccines; pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

E.R. has participated in advisory boards, conferences, courses and lectures organized by Sanofi Pasteur, MSD, GSK, Seqirus, Pfizer and AstraZeneca. I.R.-C. has participated in advisory boards organized by MSD, GSK, Sanofi and Pfizer. I.R.-C. has been involved in clinical trials funded by Ablynx, Abbot, Seqirus, Sanofi Pasteur MSD, Cubist, Wyeth, Merck, Pfizer, Roche, Regeneron, Jansen, Medimmune, Novavax, Novartis and GSK, although the funds were awarded to the institution. E.M. has participated in advisory boards by Astra-Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Esteve, GSK, MSD, Menarini, Mundifarma, Novartis, Orion, Pfizer, Roche, Rovi, Takeda and TEVA. D.O. has participated in advisory boards from Lilly, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Pfizer, Takeda, Esteve, Almirall, GSK, Astra-Zeneca, Chiesi, Mundipharma, Teva, Solvay Pharma, Rovi, Gebro Pharma, Janssen, MSD, Novo Nordisk and Menarini. I.J. has participated in advisory boards from Pfizer and Sanofi Pasteur and received conference attendance scholarships from Menarini and Esteve. Á.G. has participated in advisory boards by Pfizer, GSK Janssen, MSD and Sanofi Pasteur. J.L.D.-M. has participated in advisory boards by Pfizer and Astra Zeneca. M.L. has participated in advisory boards and research projects organized by Pfizer. M.Á.O.-G. has participated in advisory boards from Pfizer. F.G.-R. has participated in advisory boards, conferences, courses or lectures organized by Sanofi Pasteur, MSD, GSK and Pfizer. F.M.-T. has participated in advisory boards from GSK, Biofabri, Pfizer Inc, Sanofi Pasteur, MSD, Seqirus, Novavax and Janssen outside the present work. FMT has been principal investigator in clinical trials funded by the companies described above and by Ablynx, Regeneron, Roche, Abbott and MedImmune, where all of the funds were awarded to the institution. J.Y. received grants from MSD-USA (Merck Investigator Studies Program) and Pfizer, outside of this work, and the funds were awarded to the institution. J.Y. participated in advisory boards organized by MSD and Pfizer.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Vaccination guide against community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults caused by vaccine-preventable diseases.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Icon interpretation from the vaccination guide.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Serotypes included in the different pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV13, PCV15 and PCV20) or in the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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