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Review
. 2023 Jan 6;15(2):396.
doi: 10.3390/cancers15020396.

Progresses, Challenges, and Prospects of CRISPR/Cas9 Gene-Editing in Glioma Studies

Xianhui Kang  1   2 , Yijian Wang  3 , Pan Liu  3 , Baojun Huang  3 , Baofeng Zhou  3 , Shufang Lu  3 , Wujun Geng  1   4 , Hongli Tang  3   4
Affiliations
Review

Progresses, Challenges, and Prospects of CRISPR/Cas9 Gene-Editing in Glioma Studies

Xianhui Kang et al. Cancers (Basel). .

Abstract

Glioma refers to a tumor that is derived from brain glial stem cells or progenitor cells and is the most common primary intracranial tumor. Due to its complex cellular components, as well as the aggressiveness and specificity of the pathogenic site of glioma, most patients with malignant glioma have poor prognoses following surgeries, radiotherapies, and chemotherapies. In recent years, an increasing amount of research has focused on the use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology in the treatment of glioma. As an emerging gene-editing technology, CRISPR/Cas9 utilizes the expression of certain functional proteins to repair tissues or treat gene-deficient diseases and could be applied to immunotherapies through the expression of antigens, antibodies, or receptors. In addition, some research also utilized CRISPR/Cas9 to establish tumor models so as to study tumor pathogenesis and screen tumor prognostic targets. This paper mainly discusses the roles of CRISPR/Cas9 in the treatment of glioma patients, the exploration of the pathogenesis of neuroglioma, and the screening targets for clinical prognosis. This paper also raises the future research prospects of CRISPR/Cas9 in glioma, as well as the opportunities and challenges that it will face in clinical treatment in the future.

Keywords: CRISPR/Cas9; glioma; immunotherapy; mechanism research; tumor model.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Gene editing mechanisms of the CRISPR/Cas9 system. DSBs (DNA double-stranded breaks) induced by Cas9 (brown) can be repaired in one of two ways: the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway or the homology-directed repair (HDR) pathway.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Advances in the research on and application of CRISPR/Cas9 in Glioma. CRISPR/CAS9 was introduced into a mouse model bearing glioma to impact the formation, progression, and treatment of glioma by different modes of action.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Production of CAR-T Cells. CRISPR/CAS9 was applied in the CD19-specific CAR targeted T-cell receptor α constant (TRAC) loci to result in the uniform CAR expression in human peripheral blood T lymphocytes, and later, the CAR-T cells selectively attacked tumor cells to achieve the treatment effect.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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