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. 2023 Jan 8;12(1):106.
doi: 10.3390/pathogens12010106.

The Investigation of Giardiasis (Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases) in Buffaloes in Van Region, Türkiye: First Molecular Report of Giardia duodenalis Assemblage B from Buffaloes

Özlem Orunç Kılınç  1 , Adnan Ayan  2 , Burçak Aslan Çelik  3 , Özgür Yaşar Çelik  4 , Nazmi Yüksek  5 , Gürkan Akyıldız  6 , Fatma Ertaş Oğuz  7
Affiliations

The Investigation of Giardiasis (Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases) in Buffaloes in Van Region, Türkiye: First Molecular Report of Giardia duodenalis Assemblage B from Buffaloes

Özlem Orunç Kılınç et al. Pathogens. .

Abstract

Giardia duodenalis (G. duodenalis) is an important zoonotic protozoan agent that causes foodborne and waterborne diarrhea in humans and other mammals. Molecular-based tests are critical in diagnosing giardiasis in humans and animals, identifying species, understanding the zoonotic potential and transmission routes, and evaluating taxonomy. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the molecular characterization of G. duodenalis in buffaloes in the Van region in Türkiye. Buffaloes are a species that has been poorly studied in this regard. For this purpose, 100 fecal samples were collected from buffaloes in the Van region. The DNA extraction was performed using the GeneMATRIX STOOL DNA Purification Kit from stool samples. The nested PCR test was performed with the appropriate primers from the obtained DNA samples. The obtained bands suitable for sequencing were sent for sequence analysis, and the sequence results were aligned bidirectionally and compared with the database of GenBank by BLAST. As a result of the study, an 11% positivity rate for G. duodenalis was found in buffaloes, and assemblage E and assemblage B were isolated. To our knowledge, assemblage B in buffaloes was reported for the first time in this study. As a result, it was concluded that buffaloes are an important reservoir for waterborne and foodborne giardiasis.

Keywords: Giardia duodenalis; assemblage B; buffalo; first report; foodborne.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Giardia spp. cysts seen in a stool sample from a 4 month old calf with diarrhea (Sample 2) in the native Lugol examination.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Numbers and age range of the samples.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Phylogenetic relationships of Giardia duodenalis isolates via a maximum likelihood method analysis based on the β-giardin gene region. Numbers at the nodes represent the bootstrap values (1000 bootstraps). Giardia psitacci and Giardia muris were used as an outgroup. ●: Study samples; ●: Positive control.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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